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61	Animal Production	ABS-12
Sinbiotics (Lactobacillus plantarum and Allium sativum) Candidates for Lowering Cholesterol in Quail Eggs Novia Rahayu, Putri Dian Wulansari, Nurul Frasiska Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Perjuangan University. Jl. Peta No. 177, Tasikmalaya City, West Java, Indonesia. Tel. +62-82117411322, &#61609-email: noviarahayu[at]unper.ac.id Abstract Synbiotics are a combination of probiotics and prebiotics in the form of synergism. Synergism is illustrated by the ability of probiotics to survive and grow in prebiotic media. The study aims to find synbiotic candidates that reduce quail egg cholesterol based on the viability of probiotics (Lactobacillus plantarum) against prebiotics (garlic) and the ability of probiotics to survive in the digestive tract of quails. The viability test of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria was conducted in agar medium (MRSA and 1% yeast extract) containing garlic extract at different percentages (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%). The parameters tested in this study were the viability of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria, the challenge test of Lactobacillus plantarum, and the resistance test of Lactobacillus plantarum. The data on the viability of Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria were analyzed using analysis of variance, while the other parameters were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the variance analysis of the bacterial viability test showed significant differences, with the addition of 1% garlic extract being the optimal percentage. The challenge test of Lactobacillus plantarum against Salmonella sp, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus sp showed good resistance. The acid pH resistance test showed the resistance of Lactobacillus plantarum at pH 1.5-6.5. The conclusion of this study is that Lactobacillus plantarum has a symbiotic synergy with garlic extract to form a low-cholesterol synbiotic. Keywords: Allium sativum- cholesterol- Lactobacillus plantarum- quail eggs- synbiotics. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Novia Rahayu)

62	Animal Production	ABS-14
Morphometric Characteristics of Doe Pote Goats Based on Population Structure in Bangkalan, Madura Nafis Satya Athaya (a*), Kuswati (b), Tri Eko Susilorini (b) (a) Magister Student of Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia *nafisatyathaya[at]student.ub.ac.id (b) Lecturer of Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstract This study investigated the morphometric characteristics and population structure of doe Pote goats, a local genetic resource originating from Bangkalan, Madura. Goats play an important role in traditional farming systems due to their adaptability and contribution to rural livelihoods, making the documentation of local breeds essential for conservation and development programs. A total of 253 does were evaluated using direct observation, body measurements, and interviews with goat owners. The variables analyzed included population structure as well as qualitative and quantitative traits. The population in Tragah District consisted of 62 male kids (11.27%), 107 female kids (19.45%), 32 young males (5.81%), 103 young females (18.72%), 10 bucks (1.81%), and 236 does (42.90%). The mean values of quantitative traits were: withers height 67.63 + 4.39 cm, body length 68.71 + 5.08 cm, chest girth 75.38 + 5.82 cm, ear length 18.37 + 1.88 cm, and body weight 36.30 + 8.01 kg. Qualitative observations showed that Pote goats are predominantly characterized by a solid white coat color, relatively small body size, short pendulous ears, and straight horns. Morphometric comparisons with Kacang goats-currently the only breed with an established national standard (SNI)-indicated significant differences, confirming the distinctiveness of Pote goats. These findings highlight the potential of Pote goats as a promising local genetic resource that can be further developed and conserved to support livestock diversity and farmer welfare. Keywords: Doe Pote Goat- population structure- qualitative and quantitative traits Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nafis Satya Athaya)

63	Animal Production	ABS-20
Effect of Whey Dangke-Supplementation Diets on Lipid Metabolism in Friesian Holstein Dairy Calves Zyahrul Ramadan (a), Renny Fatmyah Utamy (a*), Ambo Ako (a), Mohammad Mijanur Rahman (b), Rara Mufliha (a) a) Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia *rennyfatmyahutamy[at]unhas.ac.id b) Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Sandakan 90200, Malaysia Abstract Effective feed management in dairy calves is essential for their performance into high-quality replacement stock. One of the key components in early nutrition is the calf starter, which serves as a substitute for maternal milk. To support optimal growth, calf starters must possess high nutritional value and digestibility. Enhancing the digestibility of calf starter feed can be achieved through the inclusion of whey dangke, a by-product known for its high protein digestibility. However, despite its nutritional benefits, whey dangke may influence blood lipid metabolism, particularly affecting triglyceride, HDL, LDL, and cholesterol concentrations. These lipid parameters are vital for growth, including tissue development and as precursors for various growth-related hormones. Nevertheless, elevated levels of these indicators may pose health risks. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the concentrations of triglycerides, HDL, LDL, and cholesterol in response to dietary supplementation with whey dangke. A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed, consisting of three treatment groups with six replicates each. The treatments involved different levels of whey dangke supplementation: T0 (0% of body weight), T1 (2.5%), and T2 (5%). A total of 18 Friesian Holstein dairy calves aged 2-3 months and weighing between 60-80 kg were used in the experiment. The findings demonstrated that whey dangke supplementation significantly affected (P < 0.05) blood cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. As the supplementation level increased, both cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased, yet remained within normal physiological ranges. Importantly, supplementation up to 5% of body weight did not disrupt blood profiles, indicating that whey dangke is safe and does not induce adverse health effects in dairy calves. Keywords: Calf Starter, Cholesterol, Dairy Calves, Triglycerides, Whey Dangke Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Zyahrul Ramadan)

64	Animal Production	ABS-21
Biochemical Profile in Dairy Cattle: Insights into Nutritional and Metabolic Health Rara Mufliha (a), Renny Fatmyah Utamy (a*), Ambo Ako (a), Andi Mutfaidah (a), Zyahrul Ramadan (a), Muh. Abudzar Abdul Rahman (a), Muhammad Israng (a), Rangga Pratama Putra (a), Viterah Niode (a). a) Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia *rennyfatmyahutamy[at]unhas.ac.id Abstract The nutritional management of Friesian Holstein (FH) dairy cows is a critical determinant of their productivity and overall health. Forage serves as the primary component of their diet, complemented by concentrates and supplementary feeds that support growth, enhance milk production, and prevent metabolic disorders. Among potential feed supplements, mung bean sprouts have emerged as a promising candidate due to their high nutritional value, particularly in protein content. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of mung bean sprout supplementation on blood biochemical parameters and liver function in FH dairy cows. A total of 16 lactating FH cows, aged 4-5 years and weighing approximately 500 kg, were selected for the study during their 1-4 month lactation period. The experimental design followed a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatment groups and four replicates per group: P0 (0 g mung bean sprouts), P1 (500 g), P2 (1000 g), and P3 (1500 g). Key parameters measured included blood glucose and urea levels, as well as liver function indicators-Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST). The results indicated that supplementation with 500 g mung bean sprouts (P1) significantly increased blood urea levels (p < 0.01), suggesting improved protein metabolism. However, no significant changes (p > 0.05) were observed in glucose, ALT, or AST levels across treatments. These findings suggest that a 5% inclusion of mung bean sprouts in the diet may enhance protein absorption without adversely affecting liver function or overall metabolic health, indicating its potential as a safe and effective feed supplement for dairy cattle. Keywords: Friesian Holstein, mung bean sprout, blood biochemistry, liver function, supplementation, Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rara Mufliha)

65	Animal Production	ABS-27
Critical Evaluation of Dairy Calf Management: A Foundation for Sustainable National Milk Production Aldena Bina Salimah*, Raden Febrianto Christi, Sari Suryanah Animal Husbandry, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia Abstract The sustainability of national milk production is closely tied to the success of calf rearing, particularly during the neonatal and pre-weaning phases which strongly influence lifetime productivity. In Indonesia, where domestic milk production covers only about 22% of demand, calf management is a critical point for improving efficiency. This review evaluates three key pillars of management-feeding, housing, and health-sanitation-based on literature published between 2015 and 2025. Findings emphasize that early colostrum intake (within one hour of birth) significantly increases immunoglobulin G levels and reduces morbidity, while consistent use of milk replacers and quality starter feed improves rumen development and average daily gain. However, smallholder farmers often lack technical knowledge, leading to delayed feeding, limited water access, and growth setbacks. Housing conditions adapted to tropical climates, such as individual pens followed by colony systems with proper ventilation, are essential to reduce stress and disease. Effective sanitation, including navel disinfection and routine cleaning, also lowers calf mortality, which may otherwise reach 20-50% in tropical settings. Strengthening farmer capacity and promoting science-based practices can reduce early losses, secure high-quality replacement heifers, and support sustainable dairy productivity. Keywords: calf rearing, dairy cattle, colostrum, sustainability, milk production Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Aldena Bina Salimah)

66	Animal Production	ABS-29
Evaluating the impact of prolonged egg storage on hatchability, incubation moisture loss and quality parameters in Japanese quails Wong Zhi Yii1, Frederick Chu Li Jung1, Armiyas Shibesh Faris1, Rohaida Binti Abdul Rasid1, Rovina Kobun1, Mohammad Mijanur Rahman1, Mohamad Asrol Bin Kalam1, and Md Safiul Alam Bhuiyan1 Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia Abstract This study evaluated the impact of egg storage duration on hatchability, moisture loss, incubation period, embryonic mortality, and hatchling weight in Japanese quail Coturnix japonica. A total of 495 eggs were assigned to 11 storage groups ranging from 0 to 10 days, with three replicates of 15 eggs each. Eggs were stored at room temperature 28 plus or minus 1 degree Celsius with 60 to 65 percent relative humidity and incubated at 37 point 5 degrees Celsius and 60 percent relative humidity. Hatchability declined as storage time increased. The highest hatchability 82 point 22 percent occurred in eggs stored for two days, while the lowest 4 point 44 percent was observed after 10 days. Storage moisture loss differed significantly, while incubation moisture loss and hatchling weights showed no differences. Overall, storage for one to three days was optimal. Storage beyond seven days reduced hatchability, prolonged incubation, and increased embryo mortality. Keywords: Keywords: Japanese quail, egg storage, hatchability, embryonic mortality, incubation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (MD SAFIUL ALAM BHUIYAN)

67	Animal Production	ABS-30
Ascaridia galli in Chickens: Co-Infection dynamics, effect of production, and mitigation Strategies- A review Anatasha Anak Napolean1, NorFarah Ain Binti Zamani1, Wong Zhi Yii1 Armiyas Shibesh Faris1, Rovina Kobun1, Mijanur rahman1, Asrol Kalam1, Juplikely James Silip1, Tyagita Hartady2, Md Safiul Alam Bhuiyan1 1Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia 2Study Program of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Indonesia Abstract In most countries where free-range and intensive farming is gaining importance, an increasing incidence of gastrointestinal nematodes is reported. Of all gastrointestinal nematodes, A galli, a common gastrointestinal nematode in poultry, is a major risk to the health and performance of chickens, especially in semi intensive and free-range systems. The complicated dynamics of A galli infections highlight the fact that the disease tends to infect other diseases, exacerbating the clinical effects and compromising bird welfare. A galli triggers innate and adaptive immune responses in the host, while chronic infections undermine the immune system and predispose the birds to secondary infections. The presence of A galli negatively affects production traits such as growth rate, feed efficiency and egg production, leading to extreme economic losses. Some of the practises that have been mentioned to manage parasite infestation are rotational grazing, natural dewormers, improving biosecurity, tactical use of anthelmintics and combined approaches to parasite control. Efficient and sustainable management strategies for modern poultry systems can only be achieved if we understand the multiple impacts of A galli. Keywords: A galli, co-infection, immune response, mitigation, production Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (MD SAFIUL ALAM BHUIYAN)

68	Animal Production	ABS-57
Enhancing Growth Performance of New Zealand White Rabbits with Turmeric Flour Supplementation Ken Ratu Gharizah Alhuur, Sauland Sinaga Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran Abstract This study investigated the effects of turmeric flour (Curcuma domestica) supplementation on the growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, and carcass composition of New Zealand White rabbits. The experiment used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments: 0.4% turmeric flour without powdered milk (P0), 0.4% turmeric flour with 5% powdered milk (P1), and 0.4% turmeric flour with 10% powdered milk (P2), each replicated six times. Results showed that the addition of turmeric flour, especially with 10% powdered milk, significantly increased body weight gain and feed consumption, with P2 achieving the highest growth rate (21.30 g/rabbit/day). Statistical analysis indicated significant differences (p<0.05) in body weight gain among treatments. Although feed conversion ratios (FCR) showed no significant differences, P2 demonstrated the best feed efficiency. The findings suggest that turmeric flour, particularly in combination with powdered milk, can enhance growth performance and feed efficiency in New Zealand White rabbits. This research highlights the potential for using natural feed additives in rabbit farming, offering a sustainable approach to improve productivity. Further studies should focus on the long-term effects and optimal dosage of turmeric flour supplementation. Keywords: Turmeric flour supplementation in rabbit, Growth performance and feed efficiency, Curcuma domestica in animal feed, Carcass composition in New Zealand White rabbits, Natural feed additives for sustainable farming Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ken Ratu Gharizah Alhuur)

69	Animal Production	ABS-60
Effect of CSN1S1 Gene Polymorphism on the Lactation Curve Characteristics of Etawah Grade (PE) Goats Hermawan Setyo Widodo, Rizak Tiara Yusan, Yusuf Subagyo, Merryafinola Ifani, Afduha Nurus Syamsi, Sri Semi Novianti 1. Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto 2. Faculty of Health, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto Abstract Etawah Grade (PE) goats, a prominent dairy breed in Indonesia, exhibit high genetic diversity in the alpha s1 casein (CSN1S1) gene. While polymorphisms in this gene are known to affect milk yield in other breeds, their specific impact on the lactation curve pattern in PE goats has not been well-established. This study aimed to characterize and compare the lactation curves of PE goats based on their identified CSN1S1 haplotypes (AA, AF, and FF). A total of 98 lactating PE goats were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP method, and their weekly milk production was recorded. The data were segregated by haplotype, and the best-fit lactation curve model for each group was determined using polynomial multiple linear regression analysis in RStudio. The results revealed significant differences in the shape of the lactation curves among the haplotypes. For both AA and AF haplotypes, the curve was best described by a model including highly significant linear (p 0.001) and cubic (p 0.0163 for AA- p 0.001 for AF) components. This indicates a typical lactation pattern with distinct phases of rise, peak, and decline. In contrast, the lactation curve for the FF haplotype was significantly explained only by a strong linear component (p 0.001), with non-significant quadratic and cubic terms. This suggests a more persistent, straight decline in milk production without a characteristic peak. In conclusion, polymorphism in the CSN1S1 gene fundamentally influences the lactation dynamics in Etawah Grade goats. The AA and AF haplotypes are associated with a classic cubic lactation curve, whereas the FF haplotype corresponds to a simpler, linearly declining milk yield. Keywords: Etawah Grade goat, CSN1S1, genetic polymorphism, lactation curve, milk production, PCR-RFLP Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hermawan Setyo Widodo)

70	Animal Production	ABS-75
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT COMBUSTION TREATMENTS OF RICE HUSK MIXTURES WITH SAW DUST ON THE QUALITY OF SMOKING DURING HARVESTING OF HONEY BEES (Apis Mellifera) Dewita Yanna Azarine, Sri Minarti, Eka Nurwahyuni Universitas Brawijaya Abstract This study aimed to determine the duration of smoking, combustion rate, and the number of bees leaving the hive using a smoker device made from briquettes with different treatments: P0 (burlap sack), P1 (unburned rice husk and burned sawdust), P2 (burned rice husk and unburned sawdust), P3 (burned rice husk and burned sawdust), and P4 (unburned rice husk and unburned sawdust). The ANOVA results showed that the smoking duration and the number of bees leaving the hive were highly significant (P<0.01). The longest smoking duration was observed in P0 (27.5 plus/minus 0.36 seconds), while the shortest was in P3 (18 plus/minus 0.21 seconds). The highest combustion rate was also found in P0 (2.1 plus/minus 0.29 g/min), and the lowest in P4 (1.1 plus/minus 0.02 g/min). The longer smoking duration and higher combustion rate in P0 were likely due to the burlap sack^s dense fiber structure, which burned more steadily and maintained smoke production longer than the rice husk and sawdust mixtures. The greatest number of bees leaving the hive was recorded in P1 (3 plus/minus 0.15 bees), because the combination of unburned rice husk and burned sawdust produced a sharper smoke odor that irritated the bees more effectively. In contrast, P3, which used fully burned materials, produced thinner smoke that was less stimulating to the bees. It was concluded that P0 (burlap sack) was the best treatment because it provided the longest smoking duration and highest combustion rate, while P3 showed the lowest results for both variables. Keywords: Apis Mellifera-Rice husk and sawdust briquette-smoking duration-bees leaving hive Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dewita Yanna Azarine)

71	Animal Production	ABS-79
EFFECT OF BINDER VARIATION IN RICE HUSK AND SAWDUST BRIQUETTE SMOKERS ON THE QUALITY OF SMOKE DURING HONEY BEE (APIS MELLIFERA) HARVESTING Santi Fitria Rahmasari, Sri Minarti, Eka Nurwahyuni Universitas Brawijaya Abstract This study aimed to determine the burning rate, smoking duration, and the number of bees leaving the hive using briquette smokers with adhesive concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. The briquettes were produced from rice husks and sawdust as raw materials. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that adhesive concentration significantly affected (P<0.01) all observed parameters. The highest average burning rate was obtained in treatment P1 (2.23 (plus/minus) 0.12 g/min), while the lowest was found in treatment P4 (1.40 (plus/minus) 0.00 g/min). The longest smoking duration was observed in treatment P4 (29.20 (plus/minus) 0.46 seconds), whereas the shortest occurred in treatment P0 (19.37 (plus/minus) 0.16 seconds). The highest number of bees leaving the hive was recorded in treatment P1 (5.43 (plus/minus) 0.50 bees), while the lowest was in treatment P0 (2.63 (plus/minus) 0.12 bees). Based on these results, it can be concluded that the briquette composition in treatment P0 provided the most efficient performance, producing sufficient smoke in a shorter duration and minimizing bee disturbance, which makes it more suitable for honey harvesting activities. Keywords: briquette, bee smoker, tapioca flour, Apis mellifera, smoker material Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Santi Fitria Rahmasari)

72	Animal Production	ABS-80
THE EFFECT OF VARIATIONS IN COMBUSTION OF BRIQUETTES FROM SAWSUDDINESS AND RICE HUSK ON SMOKER COMBUSTION RESIDUE, MORTALITY AND BEHAVIOR OF HONEY BEES (1)Raufin Surya Rahman, (2)Sri Minarti, (3)Eka Nurwahyuni. (1) Animal husbandry students at Brawijaya University (2) Lecturer of animal husbandry at Brawijaya University (3) Lecturer of animal husbandry at Brawijaya University Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different briquettes treatments made from rice husk and sawdust mixtures on combustion residue, mortality, and honey bee behavior (Apis mellifera). The experiment consisted of five treatments (P0, P1, P2, P3, and P4) with three replications each, where briquettes were formulated using various composition ratios of rice husk and sawdust. Observations were conducted on bee behavior during smoking, the amount of combustion residue, and the number of dead bees after smoking. The results showed that differences in briquette composition significantly affected (P < 0.05) all observed parameters. Treatment P0 (100 persen rice husk) produced the lowest residue (1.25 more or less 0.08 g) and bee mortality (2.33 more or less 0.58 individuals), while P4 (100 persen sawdust) generated the highest residue (3.87 more or less 0.12 g) and mortality (6.67 more or less 0.58 individuals). Bees under P0 displayed the calmest behavior with stable smoke and low buzzing intensity, whereas P4 caused highly aggressive reactions with thick smoke and frequent stinging attempts. In conclusion, an increased proportion of sawdust in briquettes elevated smoke density and bee aggressiveness, while rice husk-dominant briquettes (P0) provided the most effective smoking performance with minimal residue and mortality. Keywords: Apis mellifera, briquette, rice husk, sawdust, aggressiveness, mortality. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Raufin Surya Rahman)

73	Animal Production	ABS-81
EFFECT OF ADHESIVE MATERIAL VARIATION IN RICE HUSK AND SAWDUST CHARCOAL SMOKER ON THE BEHAVIOR OF HONEY BEE (APIS MELLIFERA) Eva Dwi Jayanti, Sri Minarti, Eka Nurwahyuni Universitas Brawijaya Abstract This study aimed to determine the effect of different briquette compositions on combustion residue, mortality rate, and behavioral responses of honey bees (Apis mellifera) during the smoking process. Briquettes were prepared from rice husk and sawdust mixtures with varying tapioca flour concentrations of 0 percent, 5 percent, 10 percent, 15 percent, and 20 percent (P0, P1, P2, P3, P4). Observed parameters included combustion residue, bee mortality percentage, and behavioral reactions to smoke. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that briquette variation had a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on all observed parameters. The highest average combustion residue was recorded in P4 (4.74 plus/minus 0.17 g), while the lowest was in P0 (0.68 plus/minus 0.07 g). Bee mortality was highest in P4 (2.20 plus/minus 0.20 percent) and lowest in P0 (1.23 plus/minus 0.15 percent). Bees exposed to treatment P3 exhibited calm behavior with low buzzing intensity and no signs of stress, whereas treatments P0 and P4 induced strong aggressiveness and hive exit activity. Therefore, the briquette formulation with 15 percent tapioca adhesive (P3) was the most effective, producing low combustion residue, minimal mortality, and maintaining stable colony behavior during smoking. Keywords: Apis mellifera, briquette, combustion residue, mortality, bee behavior Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Eva Dwi Jayanti)

74	Animal Production	ABS-96
Optimization of Vermicomposting of Cow Manure and Shredded Paper Using Eudrilus eugeniae and Response Surface Methodology Mohamad Asrol Kalam, Nur Husna Nasuha, S. Y. Nur Sahtasha Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Sandakan, 90509 Sabah, Malaysia Abstract Efficient livestock waste management is essential to reduce environmental impacts while enhancing agricultural sustainability. This study optimized the vermicomposting of cow manure (CM) with shredded paper (SW) using the African Nightcrawler (Eudrilus eugeniae) as a decomposer. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to evaluate the effects of substrate ratio (CM:SW) and stocking density on vermicomposting efficiency and earthworm biomass production. Experimental treatments were conducted in controlled reactors across 20 runs using a Central Composite Design. Results indicated that moderate CM:SW ratios (12-20%) combined with stocking densities between 20-30 worms/kg substrate enhanced biomass yield and compost quality. However, extreme levels of substrate ratio or stocking density reduced efficiency, highlighting the importance of balance between nutrient availability and structural aeration. While ANOVA analysis showed that single factors were not statistically significant, contour plots revealed synergistic interactions that promoted higher biomass output. The findings suggest that optimized vermicomposting parameters can accelerate decomposition, improve nutrient recycling, and produce high-quality organic fertilizer, offering a practical solution for sustainable livestock waste management. Keywords: Biomass, C:N ratio, Compost quality, Organic fertilizer, Recycling, Sustainability, Valorization Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mohamad Asrol Kalam)

75	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-25
ESTIMATION OF GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR MORPHOMETRIC TRAITS AND BODY WEIGHT IN FEMALE PERANAKAN ETAWAH (PE) GOATS Firman Riski Siburian (a) and Veronica Margareta Ani Nurgiartiningsih (a*) a) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia Abstract The improvement of livestock genetics and performance depends on understanding genetic parameters that determine how traits respond to selection. This study aimed to estimate the genetic parameters of female Peranakan Etawah (PE) goats reared at BPTU-HPT Pelaihari, South Kalimantan. A total of 93 goats aged 61-190 days were analyzed, focusing on body weight and four morphometric traits: body length, withers height, hip height, and hip width. Age was included as a covariate to minimize the influence of age differences, while season of birth (SoB) and birth type (BT) were treated as fixed effects, and sire was included as a random effect to account for genetic relationships among offspring. Heritability estimates were obtained using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and genetic correlations were analyzed through a multivariate mixed model using the MCMCglmm package in R Studio. The heritability values ranged from low to high, with body length 0.18(0.31) categorized as low, hip height 0.29(0.33), withers height 0.42(0.37), and body weight 0.39(0.36) as moderate, and hip width 0.76(0.43) as high. Genetic correlations between body weight and morphometric traits showed a high correlation with body length 0.51(0.30), moderate correlations with withers height 0.44(0.34) and hip height 0.45(0.34), and a low correlation with hip width 0.22(0.32). These results indicate that selection based on body weight and hip width could simultaneously improve key morphometric traits, supporting further genetic progress in PE goat breeding at BPTU-HPT Pelaihari. Keywords: Peranakan Etawah goats, heritability, genetic correlation, morphometric traits, body weight Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (FIRMAN RISKI SIBURIAN)

76	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-37
ESTIMATION OF GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR UDDER CONFORMATION AND MILK PRODUCTION IN LACTATION ETTAWAH CROSSBREED (PE) GOAT Saniya Ayesha Husni Baisa 1), Veronica Margareta Ani Nurgiartiningsih 1*) 1) Faculty of Animal Science Brawijaya University, street Veteran No.10-11, Ketawanggede, Kec. Lowokwaru, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur 65145, Indonesia *fapetub[at]ub.ac.id Abstract Peranakan Etawah (PE) goats are an important local dairy breed in Indonesia with great potential for milk production. This study aimed to estimate the heritability and genetic correlations of udder conformation traits and milk production traits to support genetic improvement in lactating PE goats. The research was conducted in July 2025 at BPTU-HPT Pelaihari, South Kalimantan, using data from 60 lactating PE goats. Quantitative traits measured included body weight (BW), udder circumference (UC), udder width (UW), teat length right (TLR), teat length left (TLL), teat diameter right (TDR), teat diameter left (TDL), distance between teats (DBT), and milk production (MP) before milking. Fixed effects (parity, birth type, age, and lactation duration) were analyzed using ANOVA, while genetic parameters were estimated with a multivariate linear mixed model fitted by Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) in R Studio. Heritability estimates showed low values for TLR (h^2= 0.09), TLL (h^2= 0.17), TDR (h^2= 0.14), and MP (h^2= 0.09)- moderate values for BW (h^2= 0.33), UW (h^2= 0.30), and DBT (h^2= 0.35)- and high values for UC (h^2= 0.50) and TDL (h^2= 0.62). Genetic correlations of milk production showed strong positive correlations with UC (r_g= 0.88), UW (r_g= 0.84), and DBT (r_g = 0.72), and moderate correlations with BW (r_g= 0.45), TDR (r_g= 0.55), TDL (r_g= 0.55), TLR (r_g= 0.53), and TLL (r_g= 0.54). These results indicate that udder circumference, udder width, and distance between teats can be used as reliable selection criteria to enhance milk production and accelerate genetic improvement in PE goats. Keywords: Peranakan Etawah goat, heritability, genetic correlation, udder conformation, milk production. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (SANIYA AYESHA HUSNI BAISA)

77	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-38
Characterization, PCA, and CCA on Morphometric Traits of 3-Month-Old Merawang Chickens Dias Ahmad Ilanur (1), V.M.A. Nurgiartiningsih (1) 1) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia Abstract The Merawang chicken is a dual-purpose local genetic resource from Bangka Belitung that plays an important role in regional poultry development. Morphometric characterization is essential to understand phenotypic variation and its relationship with body weight (BW). This study aimed to (1) characterize morphometric traits based on sex and shank color, (2) analyze variation patterns using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and (3) evaluate the linear relationship between morphometric traits and BW using Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA). A total of 46 Merawang chickens aged three months were used, consisting of 12 males and 34 females. Data were analyzed using RStudio through quantitative descriptive and multivariate approaches. The results showed highly significant differences (p<0.001) in all morphometric traits between males and females. Correlation analysis indicated that shank circumference had the strongest association with BW in males (r=0.771), while body length showed the highest correlation in females (r=0.524). Based on shank color, only shank circumference differed significantly (p< 0.05), with strong correlations to BW found in the yellow-shank group. PCA identified two principal components explaining 72.98% of the total variation. The first component (59.2%) represented overall body size dominated by BW and skeletal dimensions. CCA revealed a significant canonical correlation (P=7.04x10^6) with the first canonical coefficient of 0.768, explaining 59.0% of shared variation. Morphometric traits accounted for 41.4% of the variation in BW. These findings suggest that sex is the main determinant of morphometric diversity, while shank circumference, beak length, and shank length are the most influential traits related to BW. Keywords: Merawang Chicken, Morphometric, Body Weight, PCA, CCA, Breeding. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dias Ahmad Ilanur)

78	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-43
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT INCUBATION TIMES IN QUALITY OF SPERM AFTER SEXING USING THE TWO-GRADIENT EGG WHITE SEDIMENTATION METHOD IN HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN BULLS Hikma Nur Azizah1), Trinil Susilawati1), Anny Amalia2), Deny Sulistyowati2), Andi Rezda Sri Mulyani1), Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti 1*) 1) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia 2) Singosari National Artificial Insemination Center, Malang, 65153, Indonesia Abstract Indonesia persistent dependence on imports to fulfill domestic milk requirements necessitates strategic invention. Consequently, one key initiative to address this deficiency is the application of biotechnology, particulary through artificial insemination and the innovation of spermatozoa sexing techniques. This study aimed to analyze the effect of different incubation times on the quality of sperm after sexing using two gradient egg white sedimentation method in holstein friesian bulls. The evaluated semen quality parameters included motility, viability, concentration, abnormality, and total spermatozoa motil (TSM). This researched was conducted in August to October 2025 at the laboratory of Singosari Artificial Insemination Center. Fresh semen was collected from Holstein friesian bulls with an average motility above 70% and was processed using trico buffer and trico egg yolk diluents. Sexing treatments were applied at three incubation times (20, 30, 40 minutes) with ten replications. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA in a randomized block design. The 40 minutes incubation time in upper layer showed the highest motility and abnormality, whereas the 20 minute incubation time yielded the highest viability, concentration, and total spermatozoa motil (TSM). In conclusion, the semen quality among all treatments did not show any differences with the motility after sexing remained below the expected standard. Therefore, improvements are needed to help maintain optimal sperm performance after the sexing process. Keywords: Frisian Holstein, Sexing Spermatozoa, Egg White Sedimentation, Different Times of Incubation, Semen Quality Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hikma Nur Azizah)

79	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-44
The Role of the IGF1 Gene in Regulating Growth and Productivity of Sheep: Implications for Sustainable Breeding Khadija Salka1,2, VM Ani Nurgiartiningsih3, Suyadi Suyadi3* , Sohaib Akram2 1Pir Mehar Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 43490, Pakistan 2Student of Master^s Degree in Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia 3Department of Animal Reproduction and Breeding, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia *Corresponding Author: suyadi[at]ub.ac.id Abstract A primary focus of efforts to promote sustainable production systems among small ruminants lies in enhancing early growth and carcass efficiency in sheep, where faster and healthier growth leads to more productivity and less resource input per kg of meat produced. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is an essential mediator of growth hormone action, regulating its effects on myogenesis, protein synthesis, and energy partitioning. This review summarizes evidence from genomic and expression studies covering different breeds, showing that IGF1 sequence variation (SNPs, haplotypes) and IGF1 expression (along with its receptor IGF1R) are both associated with traits that directly affect sheep growth before weaning, body size, carcass weight, and carcass composition. Within New Zealand Romney and other populations, IGF1 exon-linked polymorphisms correlated with growth to weaning and carcass fatness, while studies in Santa Ines, Makooei, and Hulun Buir sheep have found a diversity of IGF1 or IGF1R SNPs or haplotypes statistically associated with ADG, body measurements, and various carcass traits, thus indicating potential for marker-assisted selection. IGF1 expression is also shown to be developmentally regulated in Hu sheep muscle, correlating with carcass and muscle quality traits. The overall implication is that IGF1 axis markers can, upon validation in the breed context and when combined with functional expression data, impact breeding strategies in ways that enhance productivity, animal welfare, and environmental efficiency (better feed conversion). We discuss the opportunities and limitations for the incorporation of IGF1 markers into a sustainable breeding program in sheep and recommend targeted validation and harmonized phenotyping to ensure their practical application. Keywords: IGF1, sheep, gene expression, SNP/haplotype, marker assisted selection Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Khadija Salka)

80	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-46
Integrating Quantitative Genetics and Molecular Approaches to Improve Litter Size in Sheep Sohaib Akram1,2, Suyadi Suyadi3, VM Ani Nurgiartiningsih3*, Khadija Salka2 1University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, 54000, Pakistan 2Student of Master^s Degree in Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia 3Department of Animal Reproduction and Breeding, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia *Corresponding Author: vm_ani[at]ub.ac.id Abstract Litter size remains one of the most influential traits affecting the efficiency and profitability of sheep production. The inheritance of this trait is complex, as it has both polygenic effects and some highly significant fecundity genes that control this trait. Many quantitative genetic studies in different sheep populations always quote low to moderate heritability estimates (somewhere between 0.05 and 0.15), thus confirming prospects for genetic improvement but also environmental influence. In addition, genetic correlations indicate possible antagonisms between prolificacy, lamb survival, and growth, which need to be accounted for in breeding strategies. Advances since 2015 have improved the accuracy of heritability estimation using genomic relationship matrices, genomic BLUP, and multi-trait models, which facilitate the construction of more balanced selection indices. On the molecular side, extensive work has been carried out on significant genes such as BMPR1B (FecB), BMP15, and GDF9, together with genome-wide association studies and meta-analyses that have identified novel candidate loci related to ovulation rate and litter size. By combining quantitative and molecular approaches, sheep breeding programs can more effectively exploit both traditional pedigree-based information and DNA-based tools. It would lead to more rapid genetic advancement while still sustaining welfare-oriented livestock production associated with global development goals. Keywords: Sheep breeding, Litter size, Quantitative genetics, Molecular genetics, Genomic selection, Sustainable livestock production Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Sohaib Akram)

81	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-53
Correlation of Morphometric Traits and Body Weight in Male Etawah Crossbreed (PE) Goats at Weaning Age Muhammad Panji Sofyan (a), Veronica Margareta Ani Nurgiartiningsih (a*) a) Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia Abstract The Etawah Crossbreed (PE) goat, one of valuable genetic resources in Indonesia, is recognized for its excellent adaptability, productive performance, and economic value as a dual-purpose breed. This study aimed to determine the morphometric predictors most closely associated with body weight and to identify effective selection indicators for genetic improvement at the early growth stage. A total of 91 male PE goats were measured at pre-weaning (52-90 days) and post-weaning (100-190 days) ages. The relationship between four morphometric traits (BL, CG, CW, and CD) and body weight (BW) was evaluated in R Studio using descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson correlation, and simple linear regression analyses. Results demonstrated strong to highly strong positive correlations between all morphometric traits and BW (r = 0.6096-0.8837 with p<0.001). The highest correlations were observed for BL and CG in the pre- and post-weaning groups (r = 0.8837 and 0.8563 with p<0.001), confirming their reliability as predictors of body weight. Regression analysis indicated that BL and CG resulted in the lowest prediction deviations (6.72% and 7.03%), demonstrating their practicality for on-farm application. These findings indicate that pre-weaning growth is primarily determined by genetic factors, whereas post-weaning growth reflects environmental and nutritional influences. Overall, body length and chest girth can serve as efficient, low-cost selection criteria for improving growth performance and breeding efficiency in PE goats, thereby supporting sustainable genetic development of local goat population in Indonesia. Keywords: Body Weight Prediction, Etawah Crossbreed Goat, Morphometric Traits, Pre-weaning, Post-weaning, Correlation, Regression Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Panji Sofyan)

82	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-55
Differences in Incubation Time on the Quality of Holstein Friesian Cow Semen Sexing Method of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) Sedimentation 3 Gradients Dianita Ayu Puspitaloka (1), T. Susilawati (1), A. Amaliya (2), D. Sulistyowati (2), A.R.S. Mulyani (1), A.P.A. Yekti (1)* Brawijaya University Abstract The gap between production and fulfillment of national animal protein requirements, especially milk, necessitates improvements in genetic engineering in the field of livestock reproduction through sperm sexing technology. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of incubation time differences on the quality of sexed Friesian Holstein cattle semen using the 3-gradient BSA (Bovine Serum Albumin) sedimentation method. The research was conducted at the Singosari National Artificial Insemination Center Laboratory and the Faculty of Animal Science Livestock Reproduction Laboratory using fresh Friesian Holstein cattle semen collected at Singosari National Artificial Insemination Center with motility >70%. The method used in this study was a laboratory experiment with three incubation treatments (35, 40, and 45 minutes) and 10 replicates. Semen quality was evaluated microscopically and analyzed using ANOVA with a Randomized Block Design (RBD). The analysis results showed that there was no significant difference between incubation times on the microscopic quality of Friesian Holstein bull semen sexing using the BSA 3-gradient sedimentation method (P>0.05). The best average progressive motility value was in the upper fraction with an incubation time of 35 minutes at 66.33% and the lower fraction with an incubation time of 45 minutes at 56%. In conclusion, although there were descriptive differences in the figures, statistical tests showed that incubation time did not significantly affect the quality and proportion of Friesian Holstein sexed semen using the BSA 3-gradient sedimentation method. Keywords: Keywords: Bovine Serum Albumin, Friesian Holstein, Incubation Time, Sedimentation, Spermatozoa Sex Determination Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dianita Ayu Puspitaloka)

83	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-58
EFFECT OF COOLING FAN INSTALLATION ON ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION SUCCESS RATES IN FILIAL FRIESIAN HOLSTEIN COWS Rayhan Putra Dwi Utomo (a), Habib Asshidiq Syah (a), Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti (a), Trinil Susilawati (a) a) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia Abstract Artificial Insemination (AI) technology is essential for increasing dairy cattle populations to support Indonesia^s milk demand. Artificial insemination success is affected by environmental factors in the barn, including temperature, humidity, and solar radiation, all of which can induce heat stress. However, the use of fans in barns can reduce heat stress. This study aims to assess how the implementation of cooling fans in barn environments affects artificial insemination success rates in Friesian Holstein crossbred cattle. This research was conducted in collaboration with Koperasi Agro Niaga Jabung across four villages in Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Data collection and statistical analysis were conducted over a 10-month period from January through October 2025. This study utilized a two-treatment experimental design with a total of 152 cows. The control group (n=76) underwent artificial insemination in barns without cooling fans, while the treatment group (n=76) underwent artificial insemination in barns equipped with cooling fans. The parameters observed included Conception Rate, Pregnancy Rate, Service per Conception, and AI Effectivity. The results showed that the average values for the control group (without cooling fans) and treatment group (with cooling fans) were as follows: conception rate, 15.79% and 27.63%, respectively- pregnancy rate, 57.89% and 55.26%, respectively- services per conception, 2.7 and 2.16, respectively- and AI efficiency, 20.47% and 24.85%. The chi-square test revealed statistically significant differences (P<0.01) between observed and expected values for these three variables. However, the treatment group with cooling fans demonstrated superior performance compared to the control group. The paired t-test indicated that cooling fan implementation significantly affected (P<0.05) services per conception, with the treatment group requiring fewer services to achieve pregnancy. It can be concluded that artificial insemination in barns equipped with cooling fans resulted in better outcomes than in barns without fans, as evidenced by improved conception rates, reduced services per conception, and enhanced AI efficiency. Keywords: Artificial Insemination, Friesian Holstein, Heat Stress, Cooling Fans Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rayhan Putra Dwi Utomo)

84	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-62
The Effect Of Inseminator Differences On The Success Of Artificial Insemination In Friesian Holstein Dairy Cows In KAN JABUNG Ayatullah Rohul Mahbubiy (a*), Habib Asshidiq Syah (b), Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti (b), Trinil Susilawati (b) a) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of inseminator differences on the success of artificial insemination of Friesian-Holstein crossbred cows at KAN Jabung. This study was conducted from January 2025 to October 2025. The subjects of this study were eight inseminators at the Jabung Agricultural Trade Cooperative with the following criteria: at least one year of AI experience, a minimum of 50 AI doses, an official inseminator certificate, aged between 20 and 65 years, and adequate skills in performing AI, such as thawing, semen deposition, and timing of AI. The variables used in this study were Conception Rate (CR), Pregnancy Rate (PR), Inseminator Success, and Service per Conception. The data obtained were then analyzed using the chi-square method for non-numerical variables, the ANOVA method for numerical variables, and descriptive analytics for supporting variables. The results showed that the highest CR percentage was obtained by inseminator 7 with a CR percentage of 48.78%, while the lowest CR percentage was obtained by inseminator 8 with a percentage of 6.66% and an average CR percentage for all inseminators of 24.72%. The highest PR percentage was obtained by inseminator 6 with a percentage of 60%, while the lowest PR percentage was obtained by inseminator 8 with a PR percentage of 13.33% with an average PR percentage of all inseminators of 34.87%. The highest insemination success rate was achieved by inseminator 6 with an insemination success rate of 50.94%, while the lowest insemination success rate was achieved by inseminator 8 with an insemination success rate of 12.12% and an average insemination success rate for all inseminators of 25.95%. The highest S/C value was obtained by inseminator 7 with a value of 1.04, while the lowest S/C value was obtained by inseminator 2 with a value of 1.84, with an average S/C value for all inseminators of 1.38. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the success of pregnancy is influenced by differences in the abilities, skills, and experience of inseminators in performing artificial insemination. Keywords: Friesian Holstein, Artificial Insemination, Inseminator Success, Inseminator Skills Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ayatullah Rohul Mahbubiy)

85	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-63
The Effect of Different Diluents on the Quality and Bacterial Content of Post-Thawing Frozen Semen of Madura Bulls Dodik Kristiawan (a), Trinil Susilawati (b), Anny Amalia (c), Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti (b*) a) Student of Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia b) Lecturer of Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia *Coresponding : auliapay[at]ub.ac.id c) Singosari National Artificial Insemination Center, Singosari, Malang, 65153, Indonesia Abstract This study aimed to determine the effect of different extenders on the quality and bacterial content of post-thawing frozen semen of Madura cattle. The research material consisted of frozen semen Madura cattle produced by BBIB Singosari, Malang, comprising 10 straws using Tris aminomethane egg yolk extender and 10 straws using Trico egg yolk extender for microscopic quality testing, as well as 6 straws each for bacterial content analysis. The semen samples were collected from two Madura bulls aged 4 and 6 years with an average body weight of 535 kg. The study employed a laboratory experimental method with two treatments P0: frozen semen with Tris aminomethane egg yolk extender and P1: frozen semen with Trico egg yolk extender. Observed variables included individual motility, viability, abnormality, sperm concentration, total motile spermatozoa, and bacterial content (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., Staphylococcus sp., and Mycoplasma sp.). Data were analyzed using the paired t test (quality test) and mean analysis (bacterial content analysis). The results showed no significant differences (p>0.05) between the two treatments in semen quality and bacterial content. However, the Trico extender produced slightly better results, with motility of 45.3%, viability of 62.4%, abnormality of 6.2%, and total motile spermatozoa of 13.45 million/ml. E. coli and Pseudomonas sp. were undetected, while Mycoplasma sp. best values in Tris (34x103 CFU/ml) and Staphylococcus sp. best values in Trico (21,9x103 CFU/ml). It can be concluded that different extenders had no significant effect, but Trico egg yolk extender is a promising alternative to Tris. Keywords: Madura Cattle, Frozen Semen, Tris Aminomethane Egg Yolk, Trico Egg Yolk, Semen Quality, Bacterial Content. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (DODIK KRISTIAWAN)

86	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-64
PREGNANCY SUCCESS OF BEEF CATTLE IN DRY SEASON INSEMINATED WITH DIFFERENT FROZEN SEMEN IN KARANGPLOSO SUBDISTRICT, MALANG DISTRICT Hilma Sajida Chulwa Hanin1) and Achadiah Rachmawati2) Brawijaya University Abstract Domestic beef demand is increasing along with public awareness of the importance of animal protein. This is not matched by the availability of beef as a result of the decreasing beef cattle population in Indonesia. Increasing population and genetic quality can be done by applying livestock reproductive biotechnology, Artificial Insemination. The success of IB in Indonesia is influenced by environmental factors, such as the dry season. Generally, pregnancy rates of cattle or female parents in the dry season are lower than in the rainy season, because it is related to the availability of animal feed. The application of IB to beef cattle in Karangploso Subdistrict, Malang District, resulted in high pregnancy rates, but there is no data on the results of IB based on season. The success of IB can be determined based on the value of service per conception (S/C), non-return rate (NRR) and conception rate (CR). The purpose of this study was to determine and assess the success of pregnancy in cows based on S/C, NRR and CR values in Karangploso District, Malang Regency. The research materials were 216 beef cows in Karangploso Subdistrict, Malang Regency inseminated with frozen Simmental semen as many as 108 cows and 108 other cows inseminated with frozen Limousin semen. The research method used was a case study by collecting IB recording data belonging to inseminators in the field which was then analyzed to draw conclusions whose observation variables were measurable and could be denoted by numbers. The research variables are S/C, NRR, and CR values. The results of this study were beef cattle inseminated with frozen semen from Limousin cattle got S/C value = 1.32- NRR 1 = 74%- NRR 2 = 75%- and CR = 74%, while beef cattle inseminated with frozen semen from Simmental cattle got S/C value = 1.43- NRR 1 = 64%- NRR 2 = 79% and CR = 64%. The conclusion of this study is that the use of frozen semen from Limousin cattle inseminated in beef cattle in Karangploso Subdistrict, Malang District has a higher pregnancy rate than frozen semen from Simmental cattle in the dry season as seen from the S/C, NRR, and CR scores. Keywords: artificial insemination, service per conception, non-return rate, and conception rate. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hilma Sajida Chulwa Hanin)

87	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-66
Cryopreservation of bali bull semen in CEP diluent with the addition of various antioxidants Nur Ducha1 , Isnawati2, Fitriari Izzatunnisa Muhaimin3, Sisca Desi Prastyaningtias3, Fardha Abdurun Nafis4, Rochmatul Fitri3, Erlix Rakhmad Purnama2, and Adi Tiya Warman1 1Animal Bioscience Department, Faculty of Food Security, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia 2Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Food Security, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya 60131, Indonesia 3Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya 60231, Indonesia 4Singosari Artificial Insemination Centre, Malang 65153, Indonesia Abstract Cryopreservation of semen was a crucial technology in livestock breeding- however, it compromised sperm quality due to oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and structural damage. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding &#945--tocopherol and glutathione antioxidants in Caudal Epididymal Plasma (CEP) diluent on the quality of frozen Bali bull semen. Four groups of CEP semen diluents were prepared with different antioxidant supplementation: P1 (CEP), P2 (CEP + 2 mM &#945--tocopherol), P3 (CEP + 0.75 mM glutathione), and P4 (CEP + 2 mM &#945--tocopherol + 0.75 mM glutathione), while Tris Egg Yolk extender was used as a comparator (P5). Semen collected from two Bali bulls was evaluated before and after the freezing and thawing processes using parameters such as motility, viability, membrane integrity, lipid peroxidation (MDA), and DNA integrity. The results showed that the P2 group supplemented with 2 mM &#945--tocopherol had the highest post-thawed motility, viability, and membrane integrity compared to other groups (P<0.05). The addition of &#945--tocopherol and glutathione proved to reduce MDA concentrations and improve the quality of frozen semen. This study concluded that &#945--tocopherol and glutathione improved the quality of Bali bull semen after cryopreservation, with &#945--tocopherol showing more significant results. Keywords: Bali cattle, semen cryopreservation, antioxidants, caudal epididymal plasma (CEP), lipid peroxidation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Nur Ducha)

88	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-73
Identification of Bacteria and Evaluation of Frozen Semen Quality in Bali Bulls Using Different Extenders Vellani Septiya Putri (1), Trinil Susilawati (2), Anny Amaliya (3), Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti (2*) 1)Student of animal Science Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65141, Indonesia 2)Singosari National Artificial Insemination Center, Singosari, Malang, 65153, Indonesia 3)Lecture of Animal Science Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65141, Indonesia *Coresponding : auliapay[at]ub.ac.id Abstract Frozen semen plays an essential role in the success of artificial insemination in cattle, but its quality may decline due to bacterial contamination. The use of extenders with appropriate antibiotic combinations is necessary to maintain frozen semen quality and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate spermatozoa quality and identify pathogenic bacteria in frozen semen of Bali bulls using two different extenders, namely Tris aminomethane egg yolk and Trico with distinct antibiotic combinations. Frozen semen quality is a critical factor influencing the success rate of artificial insemination in cattle. Antibiotics in extenders play a crucial role in preserving sperm viability and preventing bacterial growth during freezing and thawing. In this study, semen samples were analyzed through laboratory trials involving two treatments with 10 replications each. Quality parameters observed included motility, viability, abnormalities, concentration, and total motile spermatozoa. Bacterial identification focused on four pathogenic species: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Mycoplasma sp. Descriptive analysis indicated no notable trends in semen quality between both extenders. Statistical comparison using independent t-test revealed no significant differences (P > 0.05) in any sperm quality parameters. Similarly, in bacterial counts between the Tris and Trico groups average E. coli bacteria was detected in Tris extenders (0.3x10^3 CFU/ml) and in Trico extenders were undetected. Average in Staphylococcus bacterias in Tris was (76.5x 10^3 CFU/ml) and in Trico (66.8x10^3 CFU/ml). Pseudomonas sp. were undetected. While Mycoplasma sp. bacteria average in Tris (76.6x 10^3 CFU/ml) and in Trico (95X10^3 CFU/ml). It can be concluded that differents extenders had no significant effect, but Trico extenders is a promising alternative to Tris. Keywords: Tris aminomethane egg yolk, Trico , Bacterial contamination, Sperm quality, Frozen semen Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Vellani Septiya Putri)

89	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-82
Quality and Proportion of Frisian Holstein Sperm Using Egg White Albumin Sedimentation Sexing Method with Different Gradients Andi Rezda Sri Mulyani1), Trinil Susilawati4), Anny Amalia3), Deny Sulistyowati3), and Hikma Nur Azizah2), Tsania syifatuzzahra2) and Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti4*) 1)Graduate Student, Department of Animal Breeding and Reproduction, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia. 2) Undergraduate Student, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia 3) Singosari National Artificial Insemination Center, Malang, 65153, Indonesia 4) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia *Corresponding Author: auliapay[at]ub.ac.id Abstract This study aims to evaluate the effect of different gradients on the quality and proportion of sexed semen using the egg white albumin sedimentation method. This study was conducted at the Singosari Artificial Insemination Center in Malang, using Frisian Holstein semen with an average fresh motility of >70%. The study was conducted experimentally with 10 replicates and 2 treatments, namely T1 = egg white sedimentation sexing with 2 gradients (30% and 50%) and T2 = egg white sedimentation sexing with 3 gradients (30%, 40%, and 50%). The parameters observed included motility, viability, abnormality, membrane integrity, and the proportion of X and Y chromosomes. The quality evaluation results were analyzed using an independent t-test, while the determination of spermatozoa proportion was analyzed using Chi-Square. The results showed that the difference in gradients did not have a significant effect (P>0.05). on all quality parameters for each layer. In addition, the proportion of X and Y spermatozoa also showed no difference between the upper and lower fractions in both layers (P>0.05). In conclusion, spermatozoa separation using 3-gradient egg white albumin sedimentation provides more efficient separation and is able to maintain better spermatozoa quality compared to 2 gradients. Keywords: Egg White Sedimentation, Frisian Holstein Bull, Sedimentation gradient, Semen Quality, and Spermatozoa Sexing Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Andi Rezda Sri Mulyani)

90	Animal Reproduction and Breeding	ABS-83
Artificial Insemination Success of Sexed Frozen Semen Using the Percoll Density Gradient Centrifugation Method in Frisien Holstein Crossbred Cattle at KAN Jabung Aidil Agam (a*), Habib Asshidiq Syah (b), Aulia Puspita Anugrah Yekti (b) Faculty Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia Abstract Friesian Holstein (FH) crossbred dairy cattle (PFH) play an important role in supporting national milk production in Indonesia- however, their productivity remains insufficient to meet domestic demand. One strategy to improve genetic quality and reproductive efficiency is through the application of artificial insemination (AI) technology. The development of semen sexing technology, particularly the Percoll Density Gradient Centrifugation (SGDP) method, enables the separation of X- and Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa with high accuracy, allowing the production of offspring with the desired sex-especially females for replacement stock in dairy farming. Nevertheless, sexed semen generally exhibits a lower conception rate compared to non-sexed semen, thus requiring evaluation under field conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the success of AI using non-sexed frozen semen and sexed SGDP semen in PFH cattle at Koperasi Agro Niaga (KAN) Jabung, Malang Regency. The study involved 2,158 cows divided into two treatment groups: 1,512 cows inseminated with non-sexed semen and 997 cows inseminated with sexed SGDP semen. The observed parameters included Conception Rate (CR), Pregnancy Rate (PR), and Service per Conception (S/C). Data were obtained from AI records, pregnancy checks, and farmer interviews, then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that non-sexed semen achieved CR and PR values of 18.06% and 41.27%, respectively, with an S/C value of 2.10. Meanwhile, sexed SGDP semen resulted in CR and PR values of 17.85% and 26.08%, with an S/C value of 1.40. These findings indicate that non-sexed semen produced a higher pregnancy rate, whereas sexed SGDP semen demonstrated greater reproductive efficiency by requiring fewer inseminations per conception. Keywords: Artificial Insemination, Friesian Holstein, Sexed Semen, Percoll, Reproduction. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Aidil Agam)

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