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1	Animal agribusiness and related subject	ABS-7
AGRIBUSINESS LIVESTOCK OF SHEEP : MARKETING STRATEGY IN CV. X, JEMBER DISTRICT Fernanda Dwi Harnita(a), Nanang Dwi Wahyono(b), Sri Sundari(b), Niswatin Hasanah(c*) a) Postgraduate Student, State Polytechnic of Jember b) Lecturer of Postgraduate Agribusiness, State Polytechnic of Jember c)Lecturer of Animal Prodution Departemen, State Polytechnic of Jember *niswatin_hasanah[at]polije.ac.id Abstract This study aims to formulate the right marketing strategy in developing sheep agribusiness at CV X in Jember Regency. This research was conducted by purposive sampling using a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through interviews, open and closed questionnaires to owners, employees, and academic experts. The analysis technique method used consists of three stages, namely the input stage with the IFE and EFE Matrices to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the matching stage using the IE and SWOT Matrices to formulate alternative strategies- and the decision stage with the QSPM Matrix to determine the most appropriate priority strategy to be implemented. The results showed that in the IE matrix CV. X is in the position of cell I ^grow and build^ (grow and build), so the recommended SWOT alternative strategies are 7 defined strategies. The main strategies on the QSPM are 1) Find partners or investors to get a fixed location, because government regulations support business with a TAS score of 7.43, 2) Improve the quality of superior sheep products and varied prices to meet customer needs with technological innovation with a TAS score of 7.23, 3) Form a promotion team to develop unique promotions with local influencers to expand the market with a TAS score of 7.01 Keywords: marketing strategy- SWOT- QSPM- agribusiness- sheep farming Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (niswatin hasanah)

2	Animal agribusiness and related subject	ABS-16
Development Strategy of Beef Cattle Farming in Gowa Regency: A Literature Review Handayani Indah Susanti1,3, Muslim Salam2, Andi Amran Sulaiman2 1Agribusiness Study Program, Graduate School of Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10, Makassar 90245, Indonesia. 2 Laboratory of Agricultural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10, Makassar 90245, Indonesia. 3Jurusan Ilmu Peternakan, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Univeritas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar, Jl. H. M. Yasin Limpo No. 36, Gowa-92113, Sulawesi Selatan, Indonesia Abstract Beef cattle farming in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi, is one of the agricultural sectors with significant potential for development. However, its advancement faces various challenges such as limited feed availability, lack of access to technology and markets, and suboptimal institutional support. This study aims to analyze both internal and external factors influencing the success of beef cattle farming in Gowa Regency. The method used is a literature review based on previous research findings and relevant secondary data. The results indicate that aspects such as farm management, livestock quality, feed availability, infrastructure, market access, and government policies are key factors influencing the development of the beef cattle sector. Recommendations include strengthening farmers^ capacity, empowering cooperatives, utilizing alternative feed technologies, and promoting multi-stakeholder collaboration to ensure the sustainability of beef cattle farming in Gowa. Keywords: beef cattle, Gowa Regency, farm business analysis, literature review, development strategy Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Handayani Indah Susanti)

3	Animal agribusiness and related subject	ABS-31
Socio Economic Analysis and Development Potential of Local Chicken (Buras) Farming in Kedungwaru District, Tulungagung Regency Rizki Prafitri1*, Rachmad Dhafin Mahendra, Rizkia Kurnia Pratami Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Abstract This research was conducted in Kedungwaru District, Tulungagung Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The study aimed to analyze the socio-economic characteristics of free-range chicken farmers, assess the economic feasibility of their farming businesses, and identify appropriate development strategies using SWOT analysis. The respondents were free-range chicken farmers, selected through purposive sampling for the research location, census for farmer selection, and snowball sampling to expand the respondent pool, with the scale classification conducted using the equal interval classification method, resulting in a total of 50 respondents. Data collection took place between November 21, 2023, and January 20, 2024. The data collected included social characteristics (age, education level, farming experience, gender, and farming objectives), economic aspects (fixed costs, variable costs, total revenue, and profit), and qualitative data regarding the internal and external factors influencing farming development. Data analysis was carried out descriptively for the social profile, economically through the calculation of production costs and the Revenue and Cost (R/C) ratio, and strategically using SWOT analysis to formulate development plans. The results showed that the majority of farmers were within the productive age range but had relatively low education levels, although they had significant farming experience. The economic analysis indicated that the free-range chicken farming businesses were feasible, shown by an R/C ratio greater than 1. SWOT analysis revealed strengths such as high selling prices and strong disease resistance of chickens, weaknesses including traditional farming methods, opportunities in high consumer demand and limited competition, and threats from price volatility, disease outbreaks, and proximity to residential areas. It was concluded that free-range chicken farming in Kedungwaru District had substantial development potential, and strengthening farmers^ knowledge, improving infrastructure, and expanding marketing strategies were recommended to enhance the sustainability of the business. Keywords: Farmer characteristics, Free-range Chicken, Feasibility, SWOT Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rizki Prafitri)

4	Animal agribusiness and related subject	ABS-37
Do Land Valuation and Policy Literacy Matter for Poverty Reduction and Sustain Protein Access? Evidence from Peri-Urban Broiler Systems in Indonesia Jaisy Aghniarahim Putritamara1*, Tina Sri Purwanti1, and Daranrat Jaitiang2 1Department of Livestock Socio-Economics, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2Department of Agricultural Economy and Development, Faculty of Agriculture Chiang Mai University Abstract Over recent decades, scholars in the international research community have examined how infrastructure expansion reshapes land-use systems, reduces productive land, and threatens the sustainability of agricultural and livestock sectors. The construction of roads, residential developments, and public facilities often diminishes production capacity, narrows biosecurity buffer zones, and heightens poverty risks among livestock-dependent households. In Indonesia, these challenges are particularly acute in the peri-urban broiler industry,one of the nations main suppliers of affordable animal protein where rapid infrastructure growth intensifies spatial competition, environmental stress, and productivity losses. Empirical evidence, however, remains limited regarding how land valuation and livestock policy literacy jointly influence livelihood outcomes in this context.This study explores broiler farmersperceptions of land scarcity caused by infrastructure development, focusing on the roles of land valuation and livestock policy literacy in shaping livelihood improvement. The research was conducted in Malang Regency, East Java. Data from 207 broiler farming households affected by land scarcity were collected through structured surveys using proportional random sampling. Relationships among variables were analyzed using structural equation modeling with a partial least squares approach.Findings indicate that both land valuation and livestock policy literacy significantly and positively influence livelihood improvement. Land valuation exerts the strongest direct effect and also indirectly enhances livelihoods through improved policy literacy.Active farmer participation in valuation, recognition of strategic farm locations, and comprehensive knowledge of environmental regulations, zoning laws, and biosecurity standards were identified as critical drivers. These results highlight the necessity of participatory and transparent land valuation processes, complemented by targeted policy literacy programs, to strengthen resilience, sustain broiler production, and reduce poverty risks in peri-urban settings. Keywords: broiler farming, peri-urban, infrastructure expansion, land valuation, livelihood improvement Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Jaisy Aghniarahim Putritamara)

5	Animal agribusiness and related subject	ABS-53
Key Factors Influencing the Sustainability of Alabio Duck Farming (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) Aulia Rahayu Putri (a), Siti Azizah (a*), Mona Ghaly (b) a) Universitas Brawijaya Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145 East Java, Indonesia *siti.azizah[at]ub.ac.id b) Cairo University 1 Gamaa Street, Giza, Egypt Abstract The sustainability of Alabio duck (Anas platyrhynchos Borneo) farming in South Kalimantan is increasingly at risk, as reflected in a population decline. This study aimed to identify and analyze the key factors influencing its sustainability. The research was conducted from February to April 2024 in five purposively selected sub-districts, using primary data from interviews with 60 farmers and key informants, complemented by secondary data from government agencies and relevant literature. Data were analyzed with a modified RAPFISH approach (Rap-Duck), supported by leverage analysis to determine the most sensitive attributes (key factors) across each dimension. The results identified fifteen key factors across five dimensions: ecological (housing location distance, waste utilization, biosecurity), economic (ease of marketing, distribution range, business feasibility), social (research frequency, alternative farming options, frequency of conflict), technological (availability of incubation, reproduction, and waste processing technologies), and institutional (membership in livestock groups, policy transparency, presence of extension agencies). These factors highlight priority areas for intervention and provide a foundation for targeted strategies to strengthen the sustainability of Alabio duck farming. Keywords: Leverage Analysis- Sustainability- Germplasm- Local Duck Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Siti Azizah)

6	Animal agribusiness and related subject	ABS-59
Empowering Women in Livestock Farming: Socio-Economic and Cultural Determinants from Rural East Java Tina Sri Purwanti1*, Jaisy Aghniarahim Putritamara1, and Daranrat Jaitiang 1Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2Department of Agricultural Economy and Development, Faculty of Agriculture Chiang Mai University Abstract This study explores the determinants of women^s empowerment among livestock farmers in East Java, Indonesia, focusing on dairy and beef cattle farming communities. Women are central to livestock production, yet their ability to make decisions and control resources is often constrained by socio-economic and cultural factors. Understanding these determinants is essential for developing effective, gender-sensitive rural development strategies. Data were obtained from a survey of livestock farmers using structured interviews. Women^s empowerment was measured through a composite index that reflects decision-making roles, control over household and farm resources, and involvement in community activities. The Tobit regression model was employed to assess the influence of socio-economic, institutional, and cultural variables on empowerment levels. Findings indicate that education, asset ownership, personal savings, farmer group membership, active participation in social activities, and supportive cultural perceptions toward women^s participation in public sectors are all positively associated with women^s empowerment. In contrast, engagement in off-farm work and participation in agricultural extension activities show negative relationships, suggesting possible conflicts with women^s time availability or the relevance of extension programs to their needs. Other factors, including farming experience, land size, subsidies, access to credit, ownership of vehicles or agricultural machinery, and distance to farmland, do not appear to have a significant impact. The study concludes that strengthening women^s empowerment in livestock farming requires integrated approaches that expand access to education, promote asset and savings accumulation, and build strong social networks through farmer groups and community participation. Keywords: Women empowerment, livestock farming, rural area, socio-economics, SDGs Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tina Sri Purwanti)

7	Animal agribusiness and related subject	ABS-87
Adoption of Artificial intelligence (AI) in animal husbandry: A systematic literature review Muhammad Helmi (a), Nanang Febrianto (a), Priyo Sugeng Winarto (a), Marji (b), Budi Hartono (a*) a) Department of Livestock Socio-Economics, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia b) Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstract Rapid growth in global demand for animal products, climate change pressures, and labor constraints have increased the urgency for innovation in livestock management. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers potential to transform animal husbandry through enhanced precision, efficiency, and animal welfare. However, adoption across livestock systems remains uneven and poorly understood. This systematic review aims to identify AI technologies applied in animal farming, assess factors influencing their adoption, and evaluate integration challenges and strategic responses. Using PRISMA guidelines and Tranfield^s framework, a structured literature search was conducted in Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect, focusing on English-language peer-reviewed articles from 2015 to 2025. The PICO framework guided article selection, resulting in 29 empirical studies assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). The review finds that machine learning, computer vision, and IoT-based systems are most widely implemented, especially in dairy and swine farming. Key adoption factors include technical compatibility, economic feasibility, social readiness, and infrastructure availability. Economic barriers such as high upfront costs and uncertain returns were most frequently reported. Implementation challenges include data quality, system integration, limited digital literacy, and rural connectivity issues. Strategic responses identified include phased adoption, edge computing, training programs, and policy support. The study highlights research gaps in long-term performance evaluation, multi-technology integration, and social-behavioral aspects of adoption. Future research should prioritize cost-effective, scalable AI models tailored to small and medium farms and develop standardized metrics for technology assessment. These findings offer practical guidance for stakeholders aiming to enable responsible and inclusive AI adoption in livestock production systems. Keywords: Adoption- Animal Husbandry- Artificial Intelligence (AI)- Smart Farming- review Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Budi Hartono)

8	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-17
Utilization of Solid as Feed Ingredient of Sakura Block plus and its effect on Branched Fatty Acid (BCFA) and Total Rumen Bacteria Production values Jarmuji Jarmuji (a*), Irma Badarina (a), Woki Bilyaro (a), Arif Rahman Azis (a), Jhon Firison (b), Rakmad Fajar (c) a) Departement of Animal Science, University of Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia. *jarmuji[at]unib.ac.id b) Pusat Riset Peternakan, Organisasi Riset Pertanian dan Pangan, BRIN c) Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Kaur, Bengkulu, Indonesia Abstract This study aims to evaluate the use of solid as ingredient on sakura block towards branched fatty acid (BCFA) production, isobutyrate (iC4), isovalerate (iC5), valerate (nC5) and total bacteria in rumen fluid invitro. A completely randomized design was used in this study , using 12 treatments and 3 replicates. Commercial sakura block as control (P0), sakura block which was enriched with solid 2% (P1), 4% (P2), 6% (P3), 8%(P4), 10% (P5), 12% (P6), 14% (P7), 16% (P8), 18% (P9), 20% (P10) dan 22% (P11). The results of this study showed that there was a fluctuating increase in the production of BCFA, isobutyrate, isovalerate, valerate and total bacteria in rumen fluid. Based on the results of this study, it was found that the use of 18% solid level in Sakura block produced the highest production out of all treatments. Keywords: Solid- Sakura Block Plus- BCFA- Rumen Bacteria Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Jarmuji Jarmuji)

9	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-24
Dietary Gamma Aminobutyric Acid in Low Protein Diets Modulates Neuropeptidergic Gene Expression, Growth Performance, and Behavior in Broilers Randi Randi(a), Anisa Aulia(a), Muhtadin Muhtadin(a), Chusnul Hanim(a), Michael T. Kidd(b), Muhsin Al Anas(a),* a)Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia *Corresponding author: muhsin_alanas[at]ugm.ac.id Phone: +6282226517015 b)Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States Abstract Low crude protein (CP) diets can improve feed efficiency and reduce ammonia emissions but may disrupt the behaviour it may negatively impact broiler productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) supplementation in low CP diets on productivity, neuropeptidergic gene expression, and behavior of broilers. A total of 360 male Ross 308 broilers were used in a factorial design experiment with two CP levels (19.5 and 18.0%) and three GABA levels (0, 100, and 200 mg/kg). Result the experiment is CP and GABA levels did not significantly affect broiler productivity (P>0.05). Reducing CP in the diet increased amylase and decreased protease activities (P<0.05). GABA supplementation had no significant effect on enzyme activity (P>0.05). The expression of orexigenic genes (AgRP, NPY, ghrelin) was significantly downregulated, while anorexigenic genes (CCK, PYY, GLP-1, GLP-2) were upregulated in the 18.0% CP group (P<0.05). In contrast, dietary supplementation of GABA significantly increased the expression of orexigenic genes and decreased the expression of anorexigenic genes (P<0.05). The expression of the pro-inflammatory gene TNF-alpha was increased, while the anti-inflammatory gene IL-10 was decreased in the 18.0% CP group (P<0.05). GABA supplementation reversed this effect by downregulating TNF-alpha and upregulating IL-10 expression (P<0.05). Similarly, the expression of tight junction genes (ZO-1 and JAM-2) was decreased in broiler fed 18.0% CP, but significantly upregulated following GABA supplementation (P<0.05). A significant CPxGABA interaction was observed for orexigenic, anorexigenic, inflammatory, and tight junction gene expression (P<0.05). A 1.5% reduction in CP significant effect on decreasing feeding, drinking, and pecking (P<0.05). GABA supplementation enhanced feeding and drinking and reduced pecking (P<0.05), with a significant CPxGABA interaction effecting pecking broiler behaviour (P<0.05). A 1.5% reduction in dietar Keywords: Broiler, low protein diet, GABA, behaviour, neuropeptidergic Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Randi Randi)

10	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-25
Kinetics of Fermented Cassava Stem Gas Production Using a Combination of Pleurotus ostreatus and Trichoderma asperellum as an Alternative Feed for Ruminants Agung Kusuma Wijaya1, Hartutik2*, Kusmartono2 and Mashudi2 1 Doctoral Student of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, Indonesia 2 Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia. * hartutik[at]ub.ac.id Abstract Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an agricultural crop that produces a byproduct in the form of cassava stem waste, which is low in protein and high in crude fiber. Agricultural waste is increasingly being used in livestock farming as an alternative feed. This study aims to evaluate the effect of combining Pleurotus ostreatus and Trichoderma asperellum fungi on the gas production kinetics in Fermented Cassava Stems (FCS). It used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a factorial setup of nine treatment combinations, each replicated three times. Cassava stems were fermented with P. ostreatus at 0%, 3%, and 6% and T. asperellum at 0%, 1.5%, and 3%. The in vitro gas production was conducted using sheep rumen fluid, with observations at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, and 48 hours. After incubation, measurements included gas production, accumulation, and gas production kinetics. Results indicated no significant interaction (P>0.05) between P. ostreatus and T. asperellum in total gas production. The treatment without fungi produced the highest gas volume, 32.38 ml/500g at 24 hours and 48.65 ml/500g at 48 hours. Additionally, the combination of the two fungi showed no interaction (P>0.05) in gas production kinetics. It was concluded that fermented cassava stems without the addition of fungi can be used as a feed ingredient in complete sheep diets. Keywords: Fermented Cassava Stems, Gas Production, Kinetics, Pleurotus ostreatus, Trichoderma asperellum Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Agung Kusuma Wijaya)

11	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-30
A Review: Nutritional and Bioactive Potential of Maluku Endemic Seaweed ^Porphyra sp^ as Functional Feed Ingredient for Poultry Procula R Matitaputty1,6, Marchie A da Costa1,6, Daniel D Pelasula2,6, Reny D Tambunan1, I Nyoman Suyasa1, Jhon Firison1, Edween Donald Waas3, Marietje Pesireron4, Rosniyati Suwarda5, Awistaros A Sakti1, Azhar Amir1 1)Animal Husbandry Research Center, Agricultural and Food Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Soekarno Science and Technology Area (KST), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM 46, Cibinong, Bogor Regency, West Java 16915 2)Oceanographic Research Center- National Research and Innovation Agency, Jln. Pasir Ancol Timur No 1 North Jakarta 3)Plantation Crops Research Center, Agricultural and Food Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Soekarno Science and Technology Area (KST), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM 46, Cibinong, Bogor Regency, West Java 16915 4) Horticultural Research Center, Agricultural and Food Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Soekarno Science and Technology Area (KST), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor KM 46, Cibinong, Bogor Regency, West Java 16915 5)Agroindustry Research Center, Agricultural and Food Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Puspiptek Area, Serpong 6)Research Collaboration Center ^East Indonesian Aquatic Ecosystem^ Jl. Ir.M. Putuhena. Unpatti Poka-Ambon Campus 97233 Abstract One type of seaweed found on the coast of Ambon Island is Porphyra sp. is a species of red algae phylum Rhodophyta that is used by the local community to be used as a ^sea vegetable^ because the content of nutrients and bioactive compounds contained in it is very useful. In an effort to address the challenges of poultry health and performance in the modern era, functional feed supplements have emerged as a promising solution. Functional feed supplements are feed additives that not only provide basic nutrients, but also provide specific health benefits or improve certain physiological functions in livestock. Porphyra sp has various names, according to the country of origin, including purple laver (UK, United States, and Canada), karengo (New Zealand), nori (Japan), kim (Korea), and zicai (China). This review aims to synthesize various scientific literature regarding the nutritional composition and bioactive compounds of Porphyra sp. endemic to Maluku and analyze its potential as a functional feed supplement. Scientific evidence suggests that Porphyra sp. Rich in protein, polysaccharides, minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants that can improve feed efficiency, growth performance, and the quality of poultry products. In addition, its bioactive compound content can modulate the immune response and maintain the integrity of the digestive tract. Porphyra sp. has the potential to be a functional supplement in environmentally friendly poultry feed. Although promising, challenges related to production availability need to be seen, as until now it has not been widely cultivated. Further research on optimal dosage and long-term impact on poultry is urgently needed. Keywords: Porphyra sp, poultry, functional feed, nutrition, bioactive compounds Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Marchie Astrid da Costa)

12	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-36
Innovation in Fat Protection for the Optimization of Essential Fatty Acids in Ruminant Feed Tri Ida Wahyu Kustyorini*, Hartutik*, Marjuki*, Lilik Eka Radiati*, Primasatya Nugraha* *Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, East Java, Indonesia- Abstract Unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as oleic, linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic acids, EPA, and DHA, play a vital role in enhancing livestock productivity and improving the nutritional quality of animal products. However, PUFAs are highly susceptible to biohydrogenation in the rumen, reducing their biological availability. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of unprotected and calcium hydroxide-protected lemuru fish oil on the in vitro fatty acid profile. The research employed a nested randomized block design conducted under laboratory conditions. Treatments included unprotected fish oil (P1) and calcium hydroxide-protected fish oil (P2), applied at various levels: L0 (0%), L5 (5%), L7.5 (7.5%), L10 (10%), and L12.5 (12.5%). Each treatment was replicated three times. Observed variables included the concentrations of oleic, linoleic, linolenic, arachidonic acids, EPA, and DHA. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan^s multiple range test for significant effects. The results indicated that both treatment types and supplementation levels had highly significant effects (P<0.01) on the fatty acid profiles. The highest lipid profiles were observed with 10% supplementation of protected fish oil, while the best result for unprotected fish oil was found at the 5% level. Based on these findings, it is concluded that unprotected lemuru fish oil can be effectively used up to 5%, whereas protected fish oil can be safely applied up to 10%. Keywords: Protected fish oil- Unsaturated fatty acids- Calcium soap- In vitro fermentation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Tri Ida Wahyu Kustyorini)

13	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-38
Comparison of Microbial Counts in the Ileum of Native Chickens and Broiler Chickens Based on Total Plate Count (TPC). Amara Brilliant Marcelline Alfariza1, Muhammad Halim Natsir2, Osfar Sjofjan2, Feri Eko Hermanto2, Yuli Frita Nuningtyas2* 1 Student of Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2 Lecturer of Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia *fritanuningtyas[at]ub.ac.id Abstract This study aims to compare the number of microbes in the ileum of native chickens and broiler chickens using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The research method used was a descriptive comparative approach. From each type of chicken, ileum samples were collected aseptically, then each sample was placed on 10 Petri dishes and mixed with de Mann Rogosa Sharpe (MRS) Agar using the pour plate method and incubated for 48 hours at 37C to count the number of bacterial colonies that grew. The data obtained were then analyzed using t test to determine significant differences between the two groups. The results showed that the number of microbes in the ileum of broiler chickens was significantly higher than that of native chickens with p value less than 0.05. This difference is likely due to factors such as the rearing system, diet, and growth differences between native chickens and intensively reared broiler chickens. The conclusion of this study indicates that there is a significant difference in the number of microbes in the ileum of native chickens and broiler chickens, suggesting that the rearing system and environmental factors have a significant impact on the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Keywords: Broiler chickens, Native chickens, Ileum, Total Plate Count. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Amara Brilliant Marcelline Alfariza)

14	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-39
Controlling Rumen Biohydrogenation: Innovation Opportunities in Ruminant Feeding Asri Nurul Huda*(1), Hendrawan Soetanto(1), Akhmad Sabarudin(2), Anuraga Jayanegara(3) 1 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya 2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science 3 Department of Nutrition Science and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, IPB University Abstract Rumen biohydrogenation is a microbial-driven process that converts unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) into saturated fatty acids (SFA), significantly reducing the content of beneficial polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in ruminant-derived products such as meat and milk. High levels of SFA in these products are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, prompting the need for nutritional strategies that can enhance the health profile of ruminant products. One promising approach is the use of biohydrogenation inhibitors, particularly natural compounds found in tropical forage plants, to protect UFAs from rumen microbial saturation. This strategy not only improves the fatty acid profile of ruminant products but also supports methane mitigation and feed efficiency. This paper explores the mechanisms of biohydrogenation, identifies potential plant-based inhibitors such as polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and discusses innovation opportunities in ruminant feeding to produce healthier animal products. The development of biohydrogenation-inhibiting feed additives presents a sustainable and functional solution aligned with consumer demand for nutritious and environmentally friendly animal products. Keywords: biohydrogenation, rumen, unsaturated fatty acids, polyphenol oxidase, functional feed, ruminant nutrition Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Asri Nurul Huda)

15	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-41
Replacing Antibiotic with a Probiotic-Phytogenic Blend in Commercial Layers: Effects on Performances in a Two-Phase Field Trial Dhika Yonika Primacitra1,2* , Antonius Agung Wiono2 ,Asep Anang1 1Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia 2SHS International, Jakarta 14420, Indonesia *dhika24002[at]mail.unpad.ac.id Abstract This study aimed to determine a probiotic Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis (S/L) combined with a phytogenic, combination Quliiaja and Yucca schidigera (QY) as an replacer antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) enramycin in commercial layers. The trial was conducted at commercial farm, Tangerang, Indonesia. In this treatment was used two control houses (6A, 6B) received enramycin, and two treatment houses (5A, 5B) received S/L 0.02% + QY 0.025%. At baseline (42 weeks of age). Laying hens population of control and treatment were 5,712 and 5,622 hens, respectively- performance was then monitored at 43-55 and 64-67 weeks of age. The variables were Hen-Day Production (HDP), daily feed intake (FI- g/hen/day), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The data was analysis using Anova two factor. During weeks 43-51, HDP was significantly higher(P<0.05)in the enramycin control (93.07%) compared with AGP replacer group (90.92%). From weeks 52-67, HDP did not significantly different (p>0,05) between control and treatment (89.47% vs 88.91%). FCR favoured the control during weeks 43-51 (2.09 vs 2.14- P<0.05) but was not different during weeks 52-67 (2.18 vs 2.18). By the end of the trial (weeks 66-67), the AGP replacer group showed slightly higher HDP (90.1% vs 89.3-89.4%) and lower FCR (2.14 vs 2.16-2.17) than control. Across the study, FI was managed at approximately 115-116 g/hen/day. The conclusion of this trial showed that the S/L + QY program can replace enramycin in commercial layers with equivalent performance after an adaptation period- field evidence suggests at least ~8 weeks are needed to achieve parity, with potential performance improvements after ~12 weeks. Keywords: Antibiotic-free- probiotics- Egg production- Phytogenic- Laying hens Just Try to Submit This Sample Abstract Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dhika Yonika Primacitra)

16	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-42
Legume-based Tempeh as a Sustainable Pollen Substitute: A Comprehensive Review on Effects on Colony Performance and Foraging Activity of Apis mellifera During Forage Scarcity Poppy Satya Puspita1*, Eggi Pur Pinandita1, Annisa Dian Pertiwi1, Rama Akbaruddin1, Azizatul Muflihah1, Aberto Puji Sitorang1, Ananda Pradhita Anggarini1, Cristians Nur Fitri1, M Rizky Fajar Pratama1, Nur Cholis1, Moch. Junus1, Ita Wahju Nursita1, and Sri Minarti1* 1 Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstract This comprehensive review synthesizes findings from eight empirical studies evaluating the use of various legume-based tempeh pastes including soybean (Glycine max), red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), mung bean (Vigna radiata), benguk bean (Mucuna pruriens), and supplemented formulas with bee supplements as pollen substitutes for Apis mellifera during forage-scarce periods. Across studies, all legume-based tempeh types were able to maintain colony vitality, improve brood development, and reduce mortality compared to control colonies without supplementation. However, soybean-based tempeh combined with natural pollen or bee supplements consistently showed the highest brood growth and pollen storage area, while benguk bean tempeh yielded the largest brood area when mixed at 85% tempeh with 15% honey. Mung bean tempeh was particularly effective in increasing worker body weight and reducing larval mortality, whereas red bean tempeh was notable for lowering brood mortality across developmental stages. These findings suggest that, while all legume-based tempeh can serve as viable, low-cost protein substitutes, soybean and benguk bean formulations have the strongest potential for maximizing colony performance during dearth seasons. Further research is warranted to refine formulation ratios, enhance palatability, and assess long-term impacts on colony health and productivity. Keywords: Apis mellifera, pollen substitute, tempeh, legume-based feed, brood performance, colony nutrition, forage scarcity Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Poppy Satya Puspita)

17	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-43
Forage Production and Nutritional Quality of Sorghum bicolor cv. Samurai-1 in Response to Urea and Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi on Post-Coal Mining Land in South Kalimantan Anton Kuswoyo1,2*, Luki Abdullah3*, Panca Dewi Manu Hara Karti3, Soeranto Human4, Tintin Rostini5, Efendi Eko Mulyono6, Endang Wawan6 1Nutrition and Feed Science Study Program, Graduate School of IPB University, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor - West Java, 16680, Indonesia 2Animal Feed Technology Study Program, Politeknik Negeri Tanah Laut, Tanah Laut Regency - South Kalimantan, 70815, Indonesia 3Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor - West Java, 16680, Indonesia 4The National Research and Innovation Agency (Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional/BRIN), Jakarta, 12440, Indonesia 5Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Islam Kalimantan Muhammad Arsyad Al Banjari Banjarmasin. Banjarmasin - South Kalimantan, Indonesia 6PT Arutmin Indonesia, Asamasam Mine, Tanah Laut Regency - South Kalimantan, Indonesia *Corresponding author: labdull[at]apps.ipb.ac.id- kuswoyo[at]politala.ac.id Abstract Forage is a critical component in ruminant nutrition, yet the availability of land for cultivating quality forage is increasingly limited. As a result, post-coal mining lands offer a promising alternative for forage production, despite their poor soil fertility and degraded structure. This study aimed to evaluate the forage production and nutritional quality of Sorghum bicolor cv. Samurai-1 in response to different urea fertilization rates and the application of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) on post-coal mining land in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a 2-factorial arrangement and four replications was employed. Factor A consisted of urea rates (200, 300, and 400 kg/ha), while Factor B involved AMF application (with and without). Results showed that both urea and AMF treatments had a highly significant effect (p < 0.001) on sorghum agronomic traits, including plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width, and number of leaves. Similarly, biomass yield (both fresh and dry matter) was significantly enhanced. In terms of nutritional quality, the combined application of urea and AMF significantly improved crude protein, crude fat, and crude fiber contents. These findings suggest that integrating urea fertilization with AMF inoculation can substantially enhance the productivity and forage quality of sorghum cultivated on degraded post-mining land. Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi, forage quality, sorghum cv. Samurai-1, post-mining land, urea fertilization. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Anton Kuswoyo)

18	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-46
Effects of saga tree leaf (Adenanthera pavonina L.) supplementation in by-product based complete feeds on in vitro rumen fermentation, digestibility, and microbial activity Siti Nurul Kamaliyah(a)*, Ifar Subagiyo(a), Mashudi(a) and Rini Dwi Wahyuni(a) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya Malang Abstract This study investigated the potential of saga tree leaf as a protein supplement to improve the nutritional quality of feed for Madura cattle, an important livestock resource in Indonesia. Traditional cattle feeds in this region primarily consist of low-protein agricultural by-products such as rice straw and corn husks, which limit rumen fermentation efficiency and animal productivity. To address this issue, in vitro gas production experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of saga tree leaf supplementation at four levels (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) on rumen fermentation kinetics, nutrient digestibility, and microbial activity. The experimental design followed a randomized block design with six replications, using rumen fluid from slaughter house to simulate natural digestion processes. The data revealed that supplementation significantly enhanced fermentation parameters. The 10% inclusion level yielded the highest gas production (129.26 mL/500 mg DM) and total volatile fatty acids (32.82 mM), indicating improved microbial activity and energy availability. Ammonia (NH3) concentration peaked at 20% supplementation (329.82 mg/L), suggesting optimal conditions for microbial protein synthesis. Dry matter and organic matter digestibility also improved at 10-20% inclusion, with values exceeding 60%. However, the 30% supplementation level showed reduced efficiency, likely due to antinutritional compounds such as tannins. Quadratic regression analysis identified 15.38% as the optimal inclusion level for maximizing rumen fermentation. These results demonstrate that saga tree leaf can effectively enhance the nutritional value of low-quality cattle feeds when supplemented at 10-20%. The study provides practical insights for smallholder farmers seeking sustainable, locally available feed solutions. Keywords: Madura cattle, in vitro gas production, protein supplementation, rumen fermentation, sustainable feed Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rini Dwi Wahyuni)

19	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-47
RESPONSE OF GOATS TO COMPLETE FEED INCORPORATING SORGHUM FORAGE SILAGE AND INDIGOFERA SP. SILAGE C L. Kaunang, N.H. Tuwaidan, J.R. Leke, M. M.Telleng, U. Paputungan, J. D.Kalele, S.S. Malalantang Faculty of Animal Science, Sam Ratulangi University Abstract This study aimed to assess the response of goats to complete feed formulations containing sorghum forage silage and Indigofera sp. silage, with the goal of determining the most effective ration composition. The study was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications, using 20 local male goats aged nine months. Each goat was housed individually in a 1x1 m pen equipped with a feeding trough. The dietary treatments were: R0: 100% sorghum silage (control) R1: 60% sorghum forage silage + 30% Indigofera sp. forage silage + concentrate (1% of body weight)- R2: 50% sorghum forage silage + 40% Indigofera sp. forage silage + concentrate (1% of body weight) and R3: 40% sorghum forage silage + 50% Indigofera sp. forage silage + concentrate (1% of body weight). Parameters measured included dry matter intake (DMI), daily weight gain (DWG), and blood metabolic profile. Analysis of variance revealed that the inclusion of sorghum forage silage and Indigofera sp. silage in complete feed significantly affected (P < 0.01) DMI. Post hoc analysis indicated that R3 produced significantly higher (P < 0.01) DMI compared with R0, R1, and R2. Treatment R2 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than R1, and R1 was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than R0. The highest DMI was observed in R3. The feed treatments also had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on DWG. R3 yielded the highest DWG, which was significantly greater (P < 0.01) than R0, R1, and R2. R2 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than R1, and R1 was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than R0. In addition, the dietary treatments significantly influenced (P < 0.05) the blood metabolic status of goats. Overall, the R3 formulation comprising 40% sorghum forage silage, 50% Indigofera sp. forage silage, and concentrate at 1% of body weight resulted in the most favourable outcomes for goat performance. Keywords: goat response, complete feed, sorghum forage silage, Indigofera sp. silage Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Charles Lodewijk Kaunang)

20	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-50
Solid-State Fermentation of Sago Pith Waste with Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum for Nutritional Enhancement in Animal Feed Benecar B. Olaybar, Rosary Anne M. Serrano, Rhenzlyn Joy M. Agtong, and John Mark S. Ramada Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Agri-Industries, Caraga State University, Ampayon, Butuan City, 8600, Philippines Department of Biology, College of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Caraga State University, Ampayon, Butuan City 8600, Philippines Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand Abstract Agro-industrial residues like sago pith waste (SPW), a starch-rich by-product of sago palm (Metroxylon sagu) processing, are abundant in the Caraga Region, Philippines, but their direct use in animal feeding is constrained by low crude protein and high crude fiber contents. This study explored solid-state fermentation (SSF) with Aspergillus niger and Trichoderma harzianum, applied individually and in co-culture, to enhance SPW^s nutritive value and ensure safety. The fungi were selected for their ability to produce cellulolytic and amylolytic enzymes capable of breaking down lignocellulosic structures. Pre-dried, ground SPW was inoculated with a 2% spore suspension and fermented for 48, 72, 96, 120, or 144 hours, followed by proximate and aflatoxin analyses. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA with Tukey^s HSD post-hoc test, while crude fiber was assessed via Kruskal-Wallis test at p < 0.05. A. niger achieved the highest fiber reduction at 144 h, lowering crude fiber by 26.3% from baseline, while T. harzianum yielded the highest protein content at 144 h (2.89% vs. 2.56% in control). Co-cultures produced inconsistent improvements, likely due to early antagonistic interactions. Ash content increased in monocultures, while aflatoxin levels remained well below the 20 ppb limit, with A. niger reaching as low as 0.70 ppb at 144 h. These findings demonstrate that fungal SSF offers a low-cost, safe, and and eco-friendly strategy to bio-convert SPW into a value-added feed resource while mitigating environmental waste. Keywords: Aspergillus niger, fungal biotechnology, nutrient enrichment, sago pith waste, solid-state fermentation, Trichoderma harzianum Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (John Mark Saligumba Ramada)

21	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-51
Improving Crude Fiber Fermentation and Nutrient Retention in Tropical Forage Silage through Molasses Supplementation Randali Irfandi(a), Rahmat Ananda(a), Galih Ramadhani Setiawan(a), Adelya Desi Kurniawati(b), Asri Nurul Huda(a)*, Marjuki(a), Tzou Chi Huang(c) a) Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, 65145 b) Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, 65145 c) Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan *Correspondent author: nurulasri[at]ub.ac.id Abstract This study evaluated the effect of 10% molasses supplementation on nutrient retention and physical quality of silage prepared from elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum), odot grass, and corn stover. A randomized factorial design with three replications was applied, consisting of two molasses levels: without supplementation (T0) and with 10% supplementation (T1). Silage samples were incubated for 14, 21, and 28 days. Parameters measured included bacterial identification, silage quality (physical and nutritional), and nutrient losses. Molasses supplementation significantly reduced dry matter (DM) losses in elephant grass (36.83% to 33.01%) and odot grass (47.91% to 35.60%) (P < 0.01). Organic matter and crude protein losses also decreased markedly, while crude fiber loss in odot grass was notably minimized with supplementation. Physically, molasses-treated silage exhibited a sweet-sour aroma, yellowish-brown color, and softer texture, contrasting with the undesirable fermented smell and greenish color of the control. Moreover, supplemented silage reached optimal acidity (pH < 4.2) more rapidly, reflecting faster and more stable fermentation (P < 0.05). In conclusion, 10% molasses supplementation enhances nutrient preservation and desirable physical attributes of tropical forage silage, offering a practical approach to improve feed quality and ruminant nutrition in tropical environments. Keywords: corn stover, molasses, nutrient, Pennisetum purpureum, silage, tropical forage Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Randali Irfandi)

22	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-54
The Role of Indigofera-Based Feed with Tannin-Arginine on Testosterone Concentration, Plasma Protein, and SDS-PAGE Profile of Local Male Sheep Muhammad Fadhlirrahman Latief (a), (c), Osfar Sjofjan (b), Jasmal A. Syamsu (b), Tulus Maulana (d), Suyadi Suyadi (b)* (a) Doctoral Program in Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Ketawanggede, Malang (65145). (b) Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, Ketawanggede, Malang (65145). * suyadi[at]ub.ac.id (c) Faculty of Animal Science,Universitas Hasanuddin Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan, Makassar (90245) (d) Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency Jl. Raya Bogor KM. 46, Cibinong, Bogor (16911) Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of basal feeding of sorghum silage and pellet concentrate supplemented with tannin arginine on plasma testosterone concentrations, total protein content, and plasma protein profiles of local rams. Twelve rams (10 to 14 months old, weight 29 kg) were raised for 45 days at Balakosa Farm, Singosari, Malang, using a completely randomized design with three feeding treatments: concentrate without Indigofera (P0), low level Indigofera concentrate (P1), and high level Indigofera concentrate (P2), each with four replications. Plasma testosterone levels were analyzed using an ELISA method, while plasma protein concentrations were determined using the bicinchoninic acid assay at a wavelength of 562 nm. Protein profiles were analyzed using 1D SDS PAGE with a 4 to 20% gradient gel and visualized with Coomassie Brilliant Blue R 250 staining. The results showed that plasma testosterone levels were relatively stable across treatments, with values of 7.98 mg/dL (P0), 7.18 mg/dL (P1), and 7.65 mg/dL (P2). Plasma protein concentrations ranged from 174.41 to 175.80 microgram/mL and SDS PAGE analysis revealed a dominant protein band in the 15 to 120 kDa range, with relatively uniform band intensity across treatments, indicating no substantial changes in the plasma protein profile due to the administration of the Indigofera based diet with tannin arginine supplementation. These results indicate that Indigofera based feeds can be used without compromising male reproductive physiological performance, therefore potentially being applied in sustainable production systems. Keywords: Indigofera, local sheep, plasma protein, testosterone, SDS-PAGE Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Fadhlirrahman Latief)

23	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-55
Does the Use of a Combination of Spirulina and Indigofera Affect the Morphometric Development and Body Weight of Muscovy duck (Jumbo duck) during the Starter Phase? Heli Tistiana1*, Eko Widodo1, and Danung Nur Adli2 1Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2 Faculty of Animal Science, Smart Livestock Industry Study Programme, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia Abstract This research aimed to investigate the effect of incorporating a combination of spirulina and indigofera in feed on the morphometric development and body weight of Muscovy-local duck crossbred (Jumbo duck) (Cairina moschata) during the starter phase. A total of 125 one-day-old unsexed Muscovy ducks were used in a randomised block design with five treatments of different feed ingredient combinations and five replications. Parameters observed included body weight, body length, beak length and width, head dimensions, and other body measurements. Data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine the significance of treatments. The results showed that the addition of combined feed ingredients had no significant effect (P>0.05) on body weight gain and morphometric development- however, there was a tendency towards increased morphometric values and body weight in the treatment groups compared with the control. In summary, the potential use of local feed ingredient combinations that are economical and environmentally friendly for Muscovy duck (Jumbo duck). Keywords: Indigofera, Muscovy duck, Spirulina, Water Fowl, morphometric Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Heli Tistiana)

24	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-60
Nutritional Enhancement of Rice Straw by Yeast Fermentation: Effects on Proximate Composition and Fiber Reduction Desta Rahmania Syafitri(a), Ramadhan Wardianto(a), Nuaf Praditya(a), Adyatma Rijal Rasyid(a), Asri Nurul Huda(a) a Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, 65145 Abstract Rice straw, abundant in rice-producing regions, has limited value as ruminant feed due to its high fiber content and low protein levels. This study evaluated the effects of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) fermentation on its nutritional quality, using varying yeast levels and energy additives under controlled conditions. Yeast fermentation raised crude protein in rice straw, with 4% yeast achieving 12.34% protein compared to 7.86% in untreated straw. Crude fiber decreased from 66.77% to 24.57% after 30 days, with the addition of 6% yeast and rice bran. Rice bran and yeast together produced the greatest improvements in protein and fiber, clearly indicating that yeast fermentation-especially with rice bran-most effectively enhances the feed value of rice straw. In summary, yeast-based fermentation, particularly with rice bran, is a highly effective method for transforming rice straw into a more nutritious and digestible feed for ruminants. This process not only enhances livestock feed efficiency but also provides a sustainable method for utilizing agricultural waste. Keywords: crude protein, rice straw, yeast Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Asri Nurul Huda)

25	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-62
The Effect of Adding Herbal Pulp Oryza sativa and Kaempferia galanga L as Feed Additive on Internal Organ Weight and Abdominal Fat of Hybrid Ducks. Novita Ariani, Prihatiningsih, and Osfar Sjofjan 1. Student of Animal Nutrition and Feed Departement, Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2. Students of Animal Science Department, Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia 3. Lecturer of Animal Nutrition and Feed Departement, Faculty of Animal Science, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia novitaariani72[at]student.ub.ac.id Koresponden Author : osfar[at]ub.ac.id Abstract The aim of this research is to analyse the effects of adding herbal pulp Oryza sativa and Kaempferia galanga L as a feed additive on organ weight and abdominal fat in hybrid ducks. The materials used were 192 Day Old Ducks (DOD) of hybrid ducks with a coefficient of variation of less than 10%. The research was designed using a completely randomised design (CRD) consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replicates, each consisting of 8 hybrid ducks. The treatments consisted of T0: control (basal feed), T1: basal feed + zinc bacitracin antibiotic 0.1%, T2: basal feed + herbal pulp Oryza sativa and Kaempferia galanga L 0.25%, T3: basal feed + herbal pulp Oryza sativa and Kaempferia galanga L 0.50%, T4: basal feed + herbal pulp Oryza sativa and Kaempferia galanga L 0.75%, T5: basal feed + herbal pulp Oryza sativa and Kaempferia galanga L 1%. Harvesting was performed on day 35, one duck from each replicate was weighed and slaughtered for evaluation of the percentage of internal organ weight and abdominal fat. The data obtained were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the addition of herbal pulp Oryza sativa and Kaempferia galanga L had no significant effect (T > 0.05) on the eachcentage of internal organ weights and abdominal fat. It can be concluded that the addition of herbal pulp Oryza sativa and Kaempferia galanga L as a feed additive does not affect the increase in the percentage of organ weight and abdominal fat in hybrid ducks. Keywords: Hybrid ducks, Herbal Pulp Oryza sativa and Kaempferia galanga L, Feed Additive, Internal Organs, Abdominal Fat. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Novita Ariani)

26	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-63
The Effects of Adding Herbal Jamu Pulp Oryza Sativa and Kaempferia galanga L as a Feed Additive on Carcass Yield Percentage and Leg Color in Hybrid Meat Ducks Novia Lailatul Zuhroh1, Prihatiningsih2, and Osfar Sjofjan3* 1Bachelor Student in Faculty of Animal Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2Graduate Program in Faculty of Animal Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia 3Lecturer in Faculty of Animal Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia Email: noviazuhroh[at]student.ub.ac.id * Corresponding author : Osfar[at]ub.ac.id Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding HerbaPulp (Oryza Sativa and Kaempferia galanga L) as a feed additive on the percentage of carcass yield and leg color in hybrid meat ducks. The material used was 192 one-day-old (DOD) hybrid meat ducks. This study used 192 hybrid ducks from Peking ducks and Champbel ducks. This study consisted of 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment used was T0: basal feed, T1: basal feed + antibiotic (Zinc bacitracin 0.1%), T2: basal feed + herbal pulp 0.25%, T3: basal feed + herbal pulp 0.50%, T4: basal feed + herbal pulp 0.75%, T5: basal feed + herbal pulp 1%. The Variables observed in this study included the percentage of carcass yield (breast, thigh, drumstick, wing, upper back, lower back) and leg color. The experimental design used a Complete Randomized Design and the research data were analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if a significantly different result continued with Duncan^s Multiple Range Test. The results of the study also showed that the addition of herbal pulp (Oryza Sativa and Kaempferia galanga L) as a feed additive had no significant effect (P>0.05) on leg color and the percentage of carcass yield from the upper thigh, lower thigh, wing, upper back, and lower back. However, it gave a highly significant effect (P<0.01) on the percentage of breast cuts. The conclusion of this study is the supplementation of herbal pulp (Oryza Sativa and Kaempferia galanga L) as a feed additive had no significant effect on the percentage of wing, upper thigh, lower thigh, upper back cuts, and leg color, but it improved the percentage of breast cuts. Keywords: Herbal pulp, Hybrid meat ducks, Feed additive, Carcass yield, Leg color, Oryza Sativa and Kaempferia galanga L Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Novia Lailatul Zuhroh)

27	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-64
Effects of Beta-Glucan and Mannan Oligosaccharides (MOS) on the pH and Viscosity of Broiler Digesta Yuli Frita Nuningtyas1*, Rizki Prafitry1, Muhammad Halim Natsir1, Eko Widodo1, Osfar Sjofjan1, Feri Eko Hermanto1, and George2 1Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2Angel Yeast Pte.Ltd., 25A Jubilee Rd, Singapore 128567 Abstract This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with Beta-glucan and mannan oligosaccharides (MOS) on the intestinal environment of broiler chickens, particularly focusing on pH and viscosity of digesta. A total of 6,000 day-old chicks (DOC) of the Lohmann strain were produced by PT. Charoen Pokphand Indonesia were reared in a closed-house system under controlled temperature and humidity to ensure optimal environmental conditions. The birds were randomly distributed into three treatment groups, each consisting of 2000 birds: T0 (basal diet without supplementation), T1 (basal diet supplemented with 10 kg/MT Beta-glucan and MOS), and T2 (basal diet supplemented with 20 kg/MT Beta-glucan and MOS). The trial lasted for five weeks, after which samples of intestinal digesta were collected for laboratory analysis. The results showed that the average pH values were 5.58, 5.23, and 5.47 for T0, T1, and T2, respectively. Meanwhile, the viscosity values were 21.50, 22.25, and 22.25 cP for the respective treatments. Statistical analysis indicated that there were no significant differences among treatments for either pH or viscosity. In conclusion, supplementation with Beta-glucan and MOS up to a level of 20 kg/MT did not significantly alter the intestinal pH or digesta viscosity of broiler chickens, suggesting that these additives can be included in broiler diets without negatively affecting intestinal physical parameters. Keywords: Beta glucan- broiler chickens- digesta- mannan oligosaccharides- pH and viscosity Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yuli Frita Nuningtyas)

28	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-74
Presence of Anthocyanins in Milk of Lactating Boer Goats Fed Red Napier Grass Rizka Muizu Aprilia1, Hermanto2 and Ifar Subagiyo2 1Doctoral Degree Student of Animal Science Faculty, Universitas Brawijaya Malang, East Java, Indonesia 65145 2Lecturer in the Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia 65145 *ifars[at]ub.ac.id Abstract This short communication evaluates the effect of feeding Red Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Red) on anthocyanin concentration in the milk of lactating Boer goats. The study aimed to compare anthocyanin transfer into milk between goats fed Red Napier grass and those fed Napier Pakchong grass. Lactating Boer goats were allocated into two dietary groups and fed either fresh Red Napier grass or Napier Pakchong grass during the lactation period. Milk samples were collected and analyzed for anthocyanin concentration using ELISA methods. The results revealed that goats receiving Red Napier grass produced milk with significantly higher anthocyanin content compared to goats fed Napier Pakchong. These findings indicate that red Napier grass can improve the functional properties of goat milk through increased anthocyanin content, which has the potential to provide benefits for functional food applications. Keywords: Boer goat, lactation, Red Napier grass, anthocyanin, milk quality Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rizka Muizzu Aprilia)

29	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-75
Drying Methods Comparison of Carrot (Daucus carota) using Vacuum and Oven Based on L*a*b Color Aliefianda Ilhamdani Alzi Pratama1, Muhammad Halim Natsir2, Osfar Sjofjan2, Feri Eko Hermanto2, Yuli Frita Nuningtyas2* 1 Student of Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2 Lecturer of Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia fritanuningtyas[at]ub.ac.id Abstract This study was conducted to compare the effects of different drying methods on the L,a,b color of carrot. The research method was using a descriptive comparative approach. Carrot was bought and cleaned with running water and cut into thin slices approximately 2 mm and blanched using 90 Celsius water for 3 minutes then transferred into an ice cold water to stop the cooking method. Carrot then divided into two groups each for their corresponding drying method, the first group was vacuum dryer with 60 Celsius and the second was oven with 60 Celsius, both methods were used until the sliced carrot became crisp and can be grinded into powder. Carrot powder then examined using CIELAB to determine the value of each color. Data obtained were then analyzed using t-test to determine the significance of drying methods on each color value. The results showed a significant difference in all three color components between the drying methods. Oven drying produced carrots with higher L values (mean equal 63.43) compared to vacuum drying (mean equal 60.73), indicating greater lightness retention (p less than 0.001) while vacuum drying produced carrots with higher a values (mean equal 19.05) and b (mean equal 23.60) values compared to oven drying (a mean equal 14.87 and b mean equal 22.83), indicating enhanced red and yellow tones. The differences were highly significant for a (p less than 0.001) and significant for b (p less than 0.01). These finding suggests that oven drying better preserves lightness while vacuum drying better preserves the visual quality of carrots, making it a preferable method to maintain color post harvest. Keywords: Carrot, drying method, color, preservation, vacuum drying. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Aliefianda Ilhamdani Alzi Pratama)

30	Animal feed and nutrition	ABS-76
Effect of Chitosan Oligosaccharide (COS) Supplementation on TLR4 Gene Expression, Blood Profil, and Carcass Weight in Broiler Chicken Muhammad Pramujo1, Rita Mutia2, Indah Wijayanti2, Poppy Satya Puspita1* 1Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia Abstract This study was carried out to evaluate Chitosan Oligoshaccarida (COS) supplementation on TLR4 Gene Expression, blood profile, and carcass weight in broiler chicken. A total of 100 Lohmann broiler Day Old Chick (DOC) with an initial average body weight of 46 g were randomly allotted into 2 group treatments with 5 replications (10 unsexed DOC in each pen) for 35 days. Dietary treatments were Basal Diet (BD) without supplement (P0), and BD with COS 100 mg kg-1 (P1). The results showed that treatments with COS 100 mg kg-1 decrease TLR4 mRNA expression level compared to control, but were not differ on blood profile and the ratio between heterophils and lymphocytes which ranged from 0.58-0.87 indicated that chickens experienced moderate to high stress. COS supplementation had the significant differences in carcass weight, where chickens given COS supplementation had a higher carcass weight than the control. In conclusion COS supplementation in broiler feed can significantly increase carcass weight and improve the health status of chickens as seen from blood profile and TLR4 gene expression. Keywords: Broiler chickens, Chitosan Oligosaccharide, TLR4 Gene, Performance Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Muhammad Pramujo)

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