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31	Animal Farming Management and Production	ABS-65
Effects of Rearing Altitude on Physiological and Behavioral Responses of Friesian Holstein Crossbred Cows in a Tropical Environmen Aswah Ridhowi, Tri Eko Susilorini, Puguh Surjowardojo, Muchamad Muchlas, Firmansyah Tri Saputra, Rini Dwi Wahyuni, Nadia Salsa Amira Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Universitas Brawijaya Abstract Keywords: dairy cow, altitude, Friesian Holstein crossbred, physiological response, behavior Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Aswah Ridhowi)

32	Animal Farming Management and Production	ABS-69
Improving YOLOv11 with the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) for Image-Based Classification of Raw Beef Wholesale Cuts Iskandar Zakariya1, Mochamad Tono2, Naufal Raihan Muzhoffar3, and Kuswati1* 1. Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, 65145 Malang, Indonesia. E-mail: iskandarzakaria[at]student.ub.ac.id. 2. Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Jl. Veteran, 65145 Malang, Indonesia. 3. AGS Meat Shop, Jl. Pasar Cikurubuk No. 23, Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia. Abstract Abstract. In Indonesia, many laypeople still struggle to recognize raw beef wholesale cuts such as Eye Round, Knuckle, Round, Tenderloin, and Topside, although this knowledge is important for choosing cuts that suit cooking needs and price considerations. High visual similarity among cuts makes recognition difficult without specific expertise. This study adds a Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) to YOLOv11 with an identity gate initialization strategy, allowing the attention mechanism to be inserted without disrupting pretrained features at the beginning of training. Three YOLOv11 scales (n, s, and m) were evaluated, with each configuration trained five times using different random seeds. Accuracy differences were tested using Welch^s t-test, while computational efficiency was measured through latency and FPS. The CBAM configuration achieved significantly higher accuracy at scale s, 99.16% +/- 0.07% compared with 98.51% +/- 0.25% for the Baseline (p < 0.01), and remained significant after removing test images with near-duplicates in the training data, whereas no significant differences were found at scales n and m. These findings indicate that the benefit of the CBAM configuration depends on model scale. The results support the development of image-based systems that help laypeople recognize beef carcass cuts more easily and accurately. Keywords: Beef carcass- Convolutional Block Attention Module- Wholesale cut- YOLOv11 Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Iskandar Zakariya)

33	Animal Farming Management and Production	ABS-70
Analysis of Land Carrying Capacity and Support Index for Local Cattle on Plantation Land in The Peat Areas of Arongan Lambalek District, West Aceh Regencyple Abstract Hendra Koesmara1,2*, M Aman Yaman2, Nahrowi Nahrowi3, Muslim Akmal4, Said Mirza Pratama2, and Teuku Ariel Alfarisi2 1Doctoral Study Program in Agricultural Sciences, Graduate School, Universitas Syiah Kuala Jalan Tgk. Chik Pante Kulu No. 5, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia. 2Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala Jalan Tgk. Hasan Krueng Kalee No. 3, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia. 3Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University Jalan Agatis Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor, Jawa Barat 16680, Indonesia 4Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala Kuala Jalan Tgk. Hasan Krueng Kalee No. 4, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia. Abstract Keywords: Carrying capacity- forage production- local cattle- peatland- plantation land. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Hendra Koesmara)

34	Animal Farming Management and Production	ABS-71
Phenotypic Differentiation Of Coat Color In Jerabang Goats Using RGB And HSV Value Processing Methods Based On Digital Images Laila Septiyani (a*), Kuswati (b) a) Student, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. b)Lecturer, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Jalan Veteran, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. Abstract Jerabang goat is an Indonesian local goat with a distinctive gradation of coat color, but coat color determination still relies on subjective visual observation. This study extracted Red, Green, Blue (RGB) and Hue, Saturation, Value (HSV) values from coat color images of Jerabang goats, calculated the similarity index (SI) relative to the parents, and tested the effects of age and sex on color degradation. The study was conducted in Kalidawir District, Tulungagung Regency, using a quantitative descriptive method on 211 goats (155 females and 56 males). Each goat was photographed at five body points. Color values were extracted using Python and OpenCV in Google Colab and compared with those of the parents using Euclidean distance. The mean RGB values of the population were R 126.26, G 105.99, and B 99.07, corresponding to reddish brown, and 28 samples (13.27%) showed low-saturation silvery variation. The mean combined SI reached 83.50% (RGB SI 86.16%- HSV SI 80.85%). Sex affected SI, whereas SI was relatively stable (82-86%) from permanent incisor (PI) 0 to PI 6 but declined in the oldest age group (PI 8). This method objectively measures the conformity of Jerabang goat coat color to that of the parents. RGB and HSV values were able to detect coat color patterns and degradation. Keywords: Coat color- Digital image- HSV- Jerabang goat- RGB Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Laila Septiyani)

35	Animal Farming Management and Production	ABS-75
Field Case Study of Hematological, Biochemical, and Stress Biomarker Profile in a Closed-House Broiler Flock: Microclimate and Performance Correlates Novia Rahayu Putri Dian Wulansari Indrawati Yudha Asmara Rini Widyastuti Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya, Jl. Peta No. 177, Kota Tasikmalaya, 46115, Indonesia Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21, Sumedang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia Abstract This field case study characterized the hematological, biochemical, endocrine stress, inflammatory, and oxidative stress profile of a single commercial closed-house broiler flock (Cobb 500 strain) and examined its relationship with in-house microclimate and production performance under real, on-farm conditions. Temperature and relative humidity were monitored continuously at four points along the house axis (inlet, two mid-house zones, and outlet) throughout the 35 day rearing period preceding blood sampling from 20 birds (five per zone) at 26-28 days of age. Mean temperature-humidity index across the four points was 79.70, and the outlet zone reached a maximum of 96.19, indicating episodes of severe heat stress despite closed-house control. Erythrocyte, hemoglobin, and hematocrit concentrations were 2.94, 9.88, and 30.34, respectively, with a lymphocyte-dominant leukocyte profile (heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio 0.77). Glucocorticoid, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and malondialdehyde were significantly and positively inter-correlated (r = 0.60-0.88- p < 0.05), while interleukin-10 correlated negatively with all of them, indicating a coordinated stress-inflammation-oxidative response. Flock-level feed conversion ratio (1.41), mortality (3.44%), and performance index (430) remained favorable despite these physiological signals. This case study demonstrates the practical value of integrating physiological biomarkers with microclimate monitoring to evaluate broiler welfare and productivity under commercial closed-house conditions. Keywords: broiler chicken, closed-house system, field case study, microclimate, stress biomarker Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Novia Rahayu)

36	Animal Nutrition	ABS-3
Pineapple Peel Silage Juice as a Phytonutrient Source: Dose-Response Effects on Growth Performance of Growing Quails Rakhmad Perkasa Harahap1, Duta Setiawan1, Yeti Rohayeti1 1Program Study of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia Abstract Pineapple peel contains potentially beneficial phytogenic compounds, but the effects of its ensiled aqueous extract on poultry growth performance remain insufficiently investigated. This study aimed to characterise the phytochemical constituents of pineapple peel silage juice and evaluate its dose-response effects on growth performance and feed efficiency in growing Japanese quails. Pineapple peels were anaerobically ensiled for 21 days and subsequently subjected to aqueous extraction. A total of 200 Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) were allocated to five drinking-water supplementation levels (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0% v/v) in a completely randomised design with four replicate cages per treatment. Body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were evaluated at weeks 3 and 5. Phytochemical screening identified flavonoids (5.57 ppm), saponins (0.041%), alkaloids, triterpenoids, steroids, and phenolic compounds. At week 3, supplementation significantly increased BWG and reduced FCR (P < 0.001), without significantly affecting FI (P = 0.162). The 10% treatment increased BWG by 9.1% and reduced FCR by 9.0% compared with the control. Dose-response analysis revealed significant linear and quadratic responses in BWG and a linear reduction in FCR. However, no significant treatment effects were observed at week 5. These findings suggest that pineapple peel silage juice has potential as a phytonutrient source to improve early growth performance and feed efficiency in Japanese quails. However, the underlying biological mechanisms require further investigation. Keywords: feed efficiency- phytochemicals- phytonutrients- pineapple peel- quail- silage juice Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rakhmad Perkasa Harahap)

37	Animal Nutrition	ABS-4
EFFECTS OF DIETARY PLECTRANTHUS AMBOINICUS AQUEOUS EXTRACT ON FEED UTILIZATION, GROWTH RATES, AND MORPHOMETRIC TRAITS OF NILE TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS) Ciara Mie Paragua*, Jenny Marie Acevedo, Alvin Enate, Glaiza Mae Ellar, Hamie Ondaloc, Justine Bahi, Ryan Bertulfo, Keziah Castromayor, Hanna Marie Dalago, Alexa Mae Ganzan, Ailyn Goloran, Radela Jana Labaso, Jundel Mag-aso, Krishnna Gwen Manlapaz, Emily Ortiz, Roldan Tapacal, Milca Selle, Jaynos R. Cortes Department of Fisheries Science, College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, North Eastern Mindanao State University- Lianga Campus, Lianga, Surigao del Sur, Philippines Abstract This study evaluated the effects of dietary aqueous extract of Plectranthus amboinicus on growth performance, feed utilization, morphometric traits, and dose-response patterns in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Ninety fingerlings were randomly assigned to diets containing 0, 10, and 20 g kg aqueous extract, with three replicate tanks per treatment, and cultured for 30 days under a completely randomized design. Growth, feed utilization, survival, biomass, condition factor, visceral somatic index, and morphometric characteristics were evaluated. Treatments were assessed using one-way analysis of variance, effect-size analysis, length-weight modeling, Pearson correlation, principal component analysis, and quadratic dose-response modeling with 5,000 bootstrap resamples. Significant treatment effects were observed for weight-specific growth rate (WSGR), length-specific growth rate (LSGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and protein efficiency ratio (PER) (p < 0.05). WSGR and FCR showed the most favorable numerical responses at 10 g kg, while LSGR was highest at 20 g kg. Most measures of final body size, survival, biomass, and condition did not differ significantly among treatments. Morphometric effects were mainly observed in caudal peduncle length and depth. Length-weight analysis indicated negative allometric growth (b < 3). Overall, P. amboinicus aqueous extract was associated with specific changes in growth-rate, feed-utilization, and caudal-peduncle morphometric traits, but did not produce a consistent enhancement of overall growth or survival in Nile tilapia. Keywords: feed utilization- morphometrics- Oreochromis niloticus- Plectranthus amboinicus- phytogenic feed additive Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Ciara Mie Villasan Paragua)

38	Animal Nutrition	ABS-5
The Effect of a Mixture of Calcium and Herbal Medicine Residues as a Feed Additive on Egg Viscosity, Egg Yolk Color, and Egg Yolk Cholesterol in Laying Quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) Najwa Marisa1, Zahida Hafiyyan Nadya1, and Osfar Sjofjan2* 1Bachelor Program in Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia. E-mail: najwamarisa[at]student.ub.ac.id 1Bachelor Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia. E-mail: zahidanadya[at]student.ub.ac.id 2Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia, E-mail: osfar[at]ub.ac.id *)Corresponding author: osfar[at]ub.ac.id Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of CALSIMU, a mixture of calcium and herbal dregs (turmeric, javanese turmeric, ginger, aromatic ginger, and cinnamon) at a 3:1 ratio, as feed additive on egg viscosity, yolk color, and yolk cholesterol in laying quails. The experiment was conducted from 3 July to 3 September 2026 on a farm in Wagir, Malang. A total of 240 laying quails were housed in 24 cages in a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replicates. The treatments were T0(-): basal diet- T0(+): basal diet with 0.15% zinc bacitracin- and T1-T4: basal diet with 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00% CALSIMU. Albumen viscosity, yolk viscosity, yolk color, and yolk cholesterol were measured. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. CALSIMU did not significantly affect any variable (P>0.05) compared with either control. Numerically, albumen viscosity ranged from 342.88 to 531.63 cP, yolk viscosity from 489.56 to 878.75 cP, yolk color score from 5.56 to 6.03, and yolk cholesterol from 151.90 to 334.11 mg/100 g. In conclusion, calcium herbal dregs at 0.25-1.00% did not improve egg viscosity, yolk color, or yolk cholesterol in laying quails. Keywords: calcium herbal dregs, feed additive, laying quail, egg viscosity, yolk cholesterol Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (NAJWA MARISA)

39	Animal Nutrition	ABS-12
Modulation of the Gastrointestinal Health of Hybrid Broiler Ducks through Supplementation with Spirulina and Indigofera Leaf Powder Dwija Anggung Pambudi, Heli Tistiana, and Eko Widodo Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, Indonesia. Abstract The restriction of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) has stimulated the exploration of sustainable functional feeds for ducks. This research evaluated the effects of dietary Limnospira platensis (Spirulina- S) and Indigofera zollingeriana leaf meal (I) on digesta pH, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) relative length, and jejunal histomorphometry in hybrid meat ducks. A total of 125 two-week-old ducks were arranged in a Randomized Block Design across 5 treatments with 5 replicates: T0 (Control), T1 (0.5% S + 10% I), T2 (1.0% S + 10% I), T3 (0.5% S + 15% I), and T4 (1.0% S + 15% I). Digesta pH and intestinal samples were collected at the end of the rearing period. T1 significantly reduced digesta pH in the gizzard and ileum compared to T0 (P < 0.05). Relative intestinal segment length increased significantly in T4 and T3 (P < 0.05), reflecting an adaptive response to high crude fiber (15%). Conversely, jejunal histomorphometry (villus height, area, and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio) showed no significant differences (P > 0.05), indicating a stable mucosal structure. In conclusion, T1 (0.5% L. platensis + 10% I. zollingeriana) is the most efficient formulation, optimizing GIT acidity without triggering compensatory digestive organ hypertrophy. Keywords: Histomorphometry- Indigofera- Limnospira platensis- pH digesta- and Waterfowl Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dwija Anggung Pambudi)

40	Animal Nutrition	ABS-17
Development and Characterization of a Cyclea barbata Miers-Based Probiotic-Electrolyte Hydrogel for Poultry Nutrition Faradhila Ratna Handayani1, Osfar Sjofjan2, Muhammad Halim Natsir2, Filoza Marwi2, Feri Eko Hermanto2, Yusrina Candra Fajri2, Gema Ramadhan2, Fauziah Fatkhi Rizki2, Muhammad Fatih Afjar Firdaus2, and Yuli Frita Nuningtyas2* 1Tropical Poultry Research and Technology, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia 2Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia * Corresponding author: fritanuningtyas[at]ub.ac.id Abstract Hydrogels derived from plant polysaccharides offer a potential hydrated matrix for incorporating electrolytes and beneficial microorganisms. This study aimed to develop and characterize a probiotic-electrolyte hydrogel based on green grass jelly (Cyclea barbata Miers). Three formulations were prepared using 25 g of fresh C. barbata leaves with varying leaf-to-water ratios and volumes of electrolyte stock solution and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum suspension. T1 consisted of a 1:6 leaf-to-water ratio, 4 mL electrolyte solution, and 2.5 mL bacterial suspension- T2 consisted of a 1:7 ratio, 3 mL electrolyte solution, and 3.0 mL bacterial suspension- and T3 consisted of a 1:8 ratio, 2 mL electrolyte solution, and 3.5 mL bacterial suspension. Each formulation was evaluated in seven independent replicates for pH, maximum compression force, gel recovery, and culturable lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Duncan^s multiple range test. Formulation significantly affected pH, maximum compression force, and gel recovery (P < 0.0001). T3 exhibited the highest pH (5.83) and compression force (4.38 N), while T1 and T3 showed higher gel recovery (42.82 and 43.57%, respectively) than T2 (38.49%). Culturable LAB concentrations were comparable among formulations, ranging from 5.05 to 5.21 log&#8321-&#8320- CFU/g (P = 0.344). Overall, T3, comprising a 1:8 leaf-to-water ratio, 2 mL electrolyte solution, and 3.5 mL L. plantarum suspension, provided the most favorable combination of the measured physicochemical and microbiological characteristics and was therefore selected as the candidate formulation for subsequent evaluation as a probiotic-electrolyte delivery matrix. Keywords: Cyclea barbata- probiotic- electrolyte- hydrogel- Lactiplantibacillus plantarum- poultry nutrition Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Faradhila Ratna Handayani)

41	Animal Nutrition	ABS-19
Increasing Dietary Forage Proportion: Effects on Milk Production in Smallholder Dairy Cows Rini Dwi Wahyuni(a*), Ifar Subagiyo(a), Hermanto(a), Siti Nurul Kamaliyah(a), Hanief Eko Sulistiyo (a)and Samsul Hadi(b) (a) Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang *rinidwi_w[at]ub.ac.id (b) Koperasi Agro Niaga Jabung (Dairy Cooperative), Malang Abstract Smallholder dairy farmers often face challenges in balancing forage and concentrate feeding, particularly when high concentrate use raises concerns about animal health and metabolic disorders. This study evaluated the effects of increasing dietary forage proportion toward a 50:50 forage-to-concentrate ratio on milk production and selected economic indicators in smallholder dairy cows. The study involved 50 lactating dairy cows under field conditions. The experiment comprised three consecutive periods: a 7-day initial-condition measurement period (P0), a 7-day transition period, and a 7-day treatment measurement period (P1). During P0, cows were maintained under existing farmer feeding practices. During P1, approximately 10 kg fresh corn stover per cow per day was added to increase the forage proportion. Milk production, forage-to-concentrate ratio, production cost, profit per liter, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were evaluated. Differences between P0 and P1 were analyzed using a paired t-test, with each cow serving as its own comparison. Forage proportion increased significantly from 40.06% to 46.67% (p < 0.001). Milk production increased from 12.33 to 14.05 L/cow/day (p = 0.0039), representing an approximately 14% increase. Milk production cost increased numerically from Rp 5,124.38 to Rp 5,286.66/L, while profit per liter decreased from Rp 2,475.42 to Rp 2,313.34- neither difference was significant (p = 0.1400). FCR increased significantly from 1.10 to 1.25 (p = 0.0028). Increasing forage availability through corn stover inclusion improved milk production without significantly affecting production cost or profit per liter. This practical intervention may support improved dietary balance and productive performance in smallholder dairy systems. Keywords: corn stover- dairy cows- forage-to-concentrate ratio- milk production- smallholder dairy farmer Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rini Dwi Wahyuni)

42	Animal Nutrition	ABS-24
Pelleted Palm Kernel Meal Produced By Using Different Pellet Binders And Their Effects On Broiler Performance. Nuun Marfuah Toana, Rusdi Rusdi, Sugiarto Sugiarto, Muhammad Teguh, and Burhanudin Sundu* Animal Husbandry Department, Universitas Tadulako, Palu, 94118, Indonesia. Abstract Pelleting technology has been long practiced to increase the feeding value of low-quality feed ingredients. Palm kernel meal (PKM) is produced in large quantities in Indonesia. Due to its low quality, its utilization in broiler diets is still limited. A study was done to determine the effect of pelleted palm kernel meal (PPKM) using different pellet binders on broiler performance. The study used 125 broiler chicks, and they were kept for 42 days. The broilers were fed experimental diets: a control diet without PKM (C), 15% PPKM with durian seed (FPKM-DS), 15% PPKM with lignobond, a commercial pellet binder (FPKM-L), 15% PPKM with glutinous rice meal (FPKM-GR), and 15% PPKM with tapioca flour (FPKM-TF). Parameters measured were pellet quality, protein digestibility, and broiler performance. A completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replicates was used, and data were analyzed by the analysis of variance. The addition of pellet binders improved the pellet quality of the PKM pellet. Furthermore, the type of pellet binders influenced protein digestibility and broiler performance. In conclusion, the incorporation of suitable pellet binders can improve the physical pellet quality of pelleted PKM and enhance its nutritional utilization in broiler diets. Keywords: Broiler chickens- digestibility- Palm kernel meal- Pellet binders- Pellet quality. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Burhanudin Sundu)

43	Animal Nutrition	ABS-25
Selenium Addition in a Commercial Affects Egg Qualities Stored for 14 Days. Ummiani Hatta, Selvy Mozin, Yevika Tangaguling, Nasywa Atiyah Zukri, Asril Adjis, Muhammad Tahir, and Burhanudin Sundu* Animal Husbandry Department, Universitas Tadulako, Palu, 94118, Indonesia. Abstract Organic selenium (Se) is considered to be more available than inorganic Se, and microbial fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae provides a potential approach for converting inorganic Se to organic form. A study was conducted to determine the effect of selenium-enriched coconut dreg (SECD), produced from fermentation by using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, on characteristics and qualities of eggs. Finely ground coconut dregs (CD) were mixed with 0.2% sodium selenite prior to fermentation for either 5 (SECD-5) or 7 days (SECD-7). A total of 180 hens aged 47 weeks old were used and allocated in battery cages. The hens were kept for two months and fed the experimental diets. The treatment diets were basal diet (T-1), basal diet + 1% CD (T-2), basal diet + 1% SECD-5 (T-4), and basal diet + 1% SECD-7 (T-6). A completely randomized design was used, and data were analyzed by the analysis of variance. Supplementation of the diets with SECD improved the yolk index, the Haugh unit, and the bulk density of eggs and reduced weight loss of eggs during a 14-day storage. In conclusion, the addition of selenium-enriched coconut dregs in the diets improved egg quality when the eggs were stored for 14 days. Keywords: Coconut dregs- hens- egg quality- fermentation- Saccharomyces cereviseae Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Burhanudin Sundu)

44	Animal Nutrition	ABS-27
Effect of Guazuma ulmifolia Leaf Extract on the Ileal Microflora Population and Villus Morphometry of Laying Quail Dhiana Eka Cahyani, Eko Widodo, Irfan H. Djunaidi Brawijaya University Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Guazuma ulmifolia leaf extract supplementation as a natural feed additive on the intestinal microflora and ileal villus characteristics of laying quail. A total of 240 laying quail aged 26-34 weeks were allocated to six treatments with four replicates, each consisting of 10 birds. The treatments were T0 (basal diet), T0 Positive (basal diet with zinc bacitracin 2.5 g per kg feed), T1 (basal diet with Guazuma ulmifolia leaf extract 2.5 mL per kg feed), T2 (basal diet with Guazuma ulmifolia leaf extract 5 mL per kg feed), T3 (basal diet with Guazuma ulmifolia leaf extract 7.5 mL per kg feed), and T4 (basal diet with Guazuma ulmifolia leaf extract 10 mL per kg feed). The variables observed comprised the populations of Salmonella sp., Escherichia coli, and lactic acid bacteria, as well as villus height, apical width, crypt depth, villus surface area, and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth. The results showed that T2 had the lowest Salmonella sp. population (1.37 log CFU per g) and the highest lactic acid bacteria population (6.09 log CFU per g), whereas T4 showed the lowest Escherichia coli population (1.55 log CFU per g) and the largest villus surface area (1460.27 um2). Although the differences among treatments were not statistically significant P greater than 0.05, these findings indicate that Guazuma ulmifolia leaf extract has the potential to support intestinal microbial balance and ileal morphology in laying quail. Supplementation at 5 mL per kg feed can be regarded as the optimal level for increasing beneficial bacteria and suppressing pathogenic bacteria, while higher levels produced inconsistent responses in villus characteristics. Keywords: Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Guazuma ulmifolia, ileal villi, lactic acid bacteria, laying quail. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dhiana Eka Cahyani)

45	Animal Nutrition	ABS-28
Effects of Guazuma Ulmifolia Leaf Extract on Intestinal Villi Morphology and Microflora in Laying Hens Rahmad Sholihul Akbar, Eko Widodo, Heli Tistiana Postgraduate Master Student, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology Brawijaya University, Malang Indonesia Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Guazuma ulmifolia leaf extract on the intestinal villi morphology and microflora of laying hens. An in vivo experiment using a completely randomised design (CRD) involving 160 ISA Brown laying hens aged 38-45 weeks over a period of eight weeks, with one laying hen selected from each replicate. Five dietary treatments were applied, each replicated four times with eight hens each: T0 (basal feed), T0+ (basal feed + zinc bacitracin at 5.76 g/kg), and T1, T2, and T3 (basal feed + 10, 20, and 30 ml/kg Guazuma ulmifolia leaf extract). The measured variables included villus height, apical and basal villus width, villus surface area, crypt depth, villus-to-crypt ratio, and villus number, as well as the ileal populations of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Escherichia coli, and Salmonella. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan^s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the treatments had no significant effect on intestinal villi morphology (P>0.05), whereas they significantly affected the LAB population (P<0.05). The LAB population increased at the 10 and 20 ml/kg levels, accompanied by a numerical decrease in E. coli and Salmonella, while the 30 ml/kg level reduced the LAB population. In conclusion, Guazuma ulmifolia leaf extract is a potential natural feed additive to balance intestinal microflora without impairing villi architecture in laying hens, with 10 and 20 ml/kg being the most beneficial level Keywords: Intestinal Microflora, Guazuma ulmifolia, Laying Hens, Villi Morphology Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rahmad Sholihul Akbar)

46	Animal Nutrition	ABS-33
Influence of Various Sugar Water Additives on Growth Performance and Cost-Benefit Analysis of Broiler Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus L.) During the Brooding Stage Mc Alryn Patindol Mindanao State University at Naawan Abstract The use of sugar additives in drinking water has gained attention in poultry production due to their potential to provide readily available energy and support the early growth performance of broiler chickens. This study evaluated the effects of various sugar additives in drinking water on the growth performance and economic returns of broiler chicks during the brooding stage (D1-14). A total of 72 day-old Cobb 100 broiler chicks were randomly allocated into four treatments: Control (Dextrose), Honey, Molasses, and Brown Sugar, with each treatment supplemented at 30 g/L in drinking water. Each treatment consisted of three replicates, and the experimental period lasted for 15 days. The results showed that the Control group had significantly higher feed and water intake compared with the other treatment groups (p<0.05). Feed intake was notably higher in the Control group during the brooding period. No significant differences in total weight gain were observed among treatments, although the Honey and Brown Sugar groups exhibited higher weight gains during the latter period (D11-14). Significant differences in feed conversion ratio (FCR) were observed, with the Honey (1.78) and Brown Sugar (1.82) groups having better FCR values than the Control group (2.02) (p<0.05). Mortality was lower in the sugar-supplemented groups, while the Control group recorded an 11.11% mortality rate during the first period (D1-7). The cost-benefit analysis further demonstrated differences in economic returns among the treatments, indicating the potential economic value of selected sugar additives during brooding. In conclusion, the supplementation of sugar additives in drinking water, particularly Honey and Brown Sugar, showed potential to improve feed utilization during the brooding stage of broiler chickens. Keywords: broiler chickens, brown sugar, feed conversion ratio, growth performance, honey, molasses Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mc Alryn De Castro Patindol)

47	Animal Nutrition	ABS-35
THE EFFECT OF ADDITION HERBAL DREGS FLOUR AS A FEED ADDITIVE ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF INTESTINAL VILLI IN BROILER CHICKENS Falah Satriya Prindari Putra (a) and Osfar Sjofjan (b*) a) Bachelor Program in Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia. E-mail: satriyafalah[at]student.ub.ac.id. b) Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia. E-mail: osfar[at]ub.ac.id.* Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding herbal dregs flour as a feed additive on the intestinal characteristics of broiler chickens. The study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six dietary treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of negative control without additives (T0-), positive control with 0.1% zinc bacitracin (T0+), and dietary supplementation of herbal dregs flour at 0.25% (T1), 0.5% (T2), 0.75% (T3), and 1% (T4). Broiler chickens were reared for 35 days. The observed parameters included ileal digesta pH, villus number, villus height, villus surface area, crypt depth, and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncans multiple range test when significant differences were detected. The results showed that herbal dregs flour supplementation did not significantly affect all observed intestinal characteristics (P>0.05). Numerically, the 1% supplementation level (T4) produced the highest villus height, villus surface area, and villus height to crypt depth ratio, while the 0.25% treatment (T1) produced the highest villus number. In conclusion, herbal dregs flour supplementation up to 1% did not significantly improve the intestinal characteristics of broiler chickens. Keywords: broiler chickens, herbal dregs flour, intestinal characteristics, ileum, villus Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Falah Satriya Prindari Putra)

48	Animal Nutrition	ABS-36
GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS (Gallus gallus domesticus L.) FED BLACK SOLDIER FLY (Hermitia illucens L.) LARVAE MEAL REARED ON VEGETABLE WASTE AND FISH OFFAL SUBSTRATE CARLO SIOLAO ALTES Mindanao State University at Naawan Abstract This study evaluated the growth performance of broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus L.) fed diets containing 20% Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal (BSFLM) produced from larvae reared on different vegetable waste substrates mixed with fish offal. A total of sixty-four (64) day-old broiler chicks were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments following a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications and four birds per replicate. Treatment 1 served as the control diet containing fishmeal, while Treatments 2, 3, and 4 contained 20% BSFLM reared on leafy vegetable wastes (cabbage and kangkong), fruit vegetable wastes (tomato and squash), and root vegetable wastes (carrot and radish), respectively, all mixed with fish offal. Growth performance was evaluated through feed intake, average daily gain (ADG), total weight gain (TWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) during a 21-day feeding trial. Results showed significant differences (p<0.05) in weekly and total feed intake, with broilers fed BSFLM from fruit and leafy vegetable waste substrates recording the highest total feed intake (Figure 7). However, no significant differences (p>0.05) were observed among treatments in weekly weight gain (Figure 8), average daily gain (Figure 9), total weight gain, and feed conversion ratio, indicating comparable growth performance across all dietary treatments. Numerically, broilers fed BSFLM derived from leafy vegetable wastes exhibited the highest ADG (36.07 g/day), TWG (757.46 g/bird), and the most efficient FCR (2.18). The findings suggest that BSFLM reared on various vegetable waste substrates mixed with fish offal can effectively replace fishmeal at a 20% inclusion level without negatively affecting broiler growth performance, while promoting sustainable waste utilization and alternative protein production. Keywords: Alternative protein source, circular economy, feed efficiency, insect-based nutrition, organic waste valorization. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Carlo Siolao Altes)

49	Animal Nutrition	ABS-37
Morphological Characteristics and Polymer Composition of Microplastics in Commercial Poultry Feeds in the Philippines Manuel Apdian Jabagat II Mindanao State University at Naawan Abstract This study characterized microplastic contamination in commercially available poultry feeds from Alubijid, Laguindingan, and Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines, focusing on particle morphology and polymer composition. Five poultry feed types representing different functional categories and manufacturing forms were examined. Microplastics were detected in all samples, with 242 suspected particles and an estimated average concentration of 645 particles/kg. Morphological analysis showed that fibers were predominant (56.2%), followed by filaments (21.5%), fragments (20.7%), and films (1.7%). A subset of 123 particles was analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Polypropylene (PP) was the dominant polymer (32.52%), followed by rayon and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), with polyethylene (PE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), PP/PE copolymer, and vinyl also detected. The high occurrence of PP is consistent with its reported widespread presence in livestock systems, while the detection of rayon and PET supports possible contributions from textile-related sources. The presence of PP, PET, and PE has also been reported in poultry, suggesting that contamination may originate from feed, packaging materials, and the surrounding farm environment. Overall, the findings demonstrate diverse morphological forms and polymer compositions of microplastics in commercial poultry feeds and indicate a potential pathway for microplastic exposure within poultry production. Keywords: Microplastics- poultry feed- particle morphology- polymer composition- Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)- feed contamination- food-chain exposure. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Manuel Apdian Jabagat II)

50	Animal Nutrition	ABS-38
Effects of solvent type and maceration time on the tannin content of coconut coir (cocopeat) extracts as a prospective rumen modulator Satria Budi Kusuma (a*), Adib Norma Respati (a), Suci Wulandari (a), and Amal Bahariawan (b) (a) Animal Feed Technology Study Program, Politeknik Negeri Jember, Jember, East Java, Indonesia (b) Agricultural Engineering Study Program, Politeknik Negeri Jember, Jember, East Java, Indonesia Abstract Coconut coir (cocopeat) is an abundant lignocellulosic byproduct that contains condensed phenolic compounds with potential as a natural rumen modulator, yet the extraction conditions that maximise its tannin recovery are poorly defined. This study evaluated the effects of extraction solvent (distilled water, ethanol, methanol and acetone) and maceration time (12, 24 and 36 h) on the tannin content of cocopeat extracts. A 4 x 3 factorial arrangement in a completely randomised design with four replicates was used, and tannin was quantified as gallic acid equivalents (GAE). Solvent, time and their interaction significantly affected tannin content. Acetone was the most effective solvent, averaging 13.40 mg GAE per 100 g, which was 1.6 to 3.4 times higher than methanol (8.13), distilled water (7.56) and ethanol (3.95). Tannin content peaked at 24 h in all solvents (up to 15.02 mg GAE per 100 g in acetone) and fell at 36 h in distilled water, ethanol and methanol, whereas acetone showed no significant time effect. Acetone maceration for 24 h was therefore the most efficient condition tested and is recommended for producing cocopeat tannin extracts for subsequent silage and in vivo rumen fermentation studies Keywords: cocopeat- tannin- maceration- solvent extraction- acetone- rumen modulator Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Satria Budi Kusuma)

51	Animal Nutrition	ABS-39
Potential Of African Leaf (Vernonia Amygdalina) As A Phytogenic Feed Additive For Improving Lactation Performance In Dairy Cattle Putri Damayanti1, Ambo Ako2,*, and Renny Fatmyah Utamy 2 1Doctoral Program, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10, Tamalanrea, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. 2Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Animal Science, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan Km. 10, Tamalanrea, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. E-mail: amboako[at]yahoo.com rennyfatmyahutamy[at]unhas.ac.id Abstract African leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) has attracted interest as a potential phytogenic feed additive because of its nutritional composition and diverse bioactive constituents. This review critically examines its nutritional characteristics, phytochemical profile, biological activities, and potential relevance to lactation performance in dairy cattle. African leaf contains protein, fiber, minerals, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenoids, and sesquiterpene lactones. Feeding studies in sheep and goats have reported changes in nutrient intake, digestibility, nitrogen utilization, and productive performance, although responses vary with dietary inclusion levels and feeding conditions. Experimental studies have also demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, while investigations in lactating animals have reported changes in prolactin secretion and mammary responses. However, these findings do not establish a direct improvement in milk production or milk composition in dairy cattle. Differences in plant preparation, supplementation levels, animal species, and experimental conditions further limit comparisons across studies. Available findings suggest that African leaf has potential as a phytogenic feed additive, but its contribution to dairy-cow lactation performance remains uncertain. Further controlled studies are needed to clarify its effects on milk production, milk composition, and physiological responses. Keywords: african leaf- dairy cattle - lactation performance - phytogenic feed additive. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Putri Damayanti)

52	Animal Nutrition	ABS-41
Effect of Different Vitamin E Levels on the Growth Performance of Nubian Goat Kids Cheryl Kelsey Wijaya (a), Marjuki (a), Hsia Liang Chou (b,c), Su Shu Ping (b,c), Intan Shefarian (a), Martinus Patrick Santoso (a) (a) Brawijaya University, Indonesia (b) National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan (c) Yu Chou Friendly Agriculture Research Institute, Taiwan Abstract This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different levels of vitamin E on the growth performance of Nubian goat kids. Twenty four goat kids with similar initial body weights were randomly assigned to three treatments, with eight goats per treatment. Mature milk was provided at 150 mL per feeding using a bottle four times daily. Vitamin E was administered orally in edible plastic at doses of 50 IU, 100 IU, and 150 IU for T1, T2, and T3, respectively, every morning immediately before the first milk feeding. Body weight was measured every Friday morning at the same time to determine weekly body weight gain. Feed intake was also recorded to calculate feed conversion ratio (FCR). The results showed that goats receiving 100 IU of vitamin E had the highest average body weight gain (1,011.25 g), followed by those receiving 50 IU (899.58 g) and 150 IU (801.25 g). Similarly, the lowest FCR was observed in T2 (19.13), followed by T1 (21.26) and T3 (23.63), indicating better feed efficiency in goats receiving 100 IU of vitamin E. It can be concluded that supplementation with 100 IU of vitamin E resulted in the highest body weight gain and the most efficient feed conversion among the treatments. Keywords: Vitamin E, Goat Kids, Growth Performance Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Cheryl Kelsey Wijaya)

53	Animal Nutrition	ABS-43
Growth, Carcass Characteristics And Meat Quality of Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.) Fed Formulated Diet With Varying Levels of Water Spinach (Ipomoea aquatica F.) Leaf Meal Janson John Andam, Jomel Mila, Rochelle Paculba, Mechie Ann Florida, Mark Anthony Mana, Chastine Erika Edubos Mindanao State University at Naawan Abstract Rabbit meat is recognized as a nutritious food choice because of its high protein, low fat and cholesterol content. The quality and characteristics of rabbit meat are closely tied to their diet, however, rabbit farmers often struggle with high cost and limited availability of commercial feeds. As a result, many search for local alternatives. This prompted a study investigating the effects of water spinach leaf meal (WSLM) on the diet of New Zealand rabbits over five weeks. Twenty-four rabbits, all nine weeks old, were split into four groups, each fed a diet containing 0%, 3.5%, 4% and 4.5% WSLM. The study found that including WSLM did not significantly influence overall growth but did impact carcass characteristics including liveweight and meat cuts such as saddle and legs (p>0.05). Notably, rabbits fed diet with 3.5% WSLM showed results similar to the control group and even had higher average daily gain and lower feed conversion ratios. Water holding capacity was also significantly affected (p<0.05) but not the dressing percentage, pH and meat color (p>0.05). The study concludes that using WSLM up to 3.5% in rabbit diets can be a practical, cost-effective alternative without adverse effects on the growth and meat quality. Keywords: average daily gain- feed intake- meat color- pH level- water holding capacity Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Rochelle Andam Paculba)

54	Animal Nutrition	ABS-44
Bootstrap-Optimized Dose-Response Effects Of Dietary Taxiphyllum Barbieri Extract On Growth, Feed Utilization, And Morphometric Traits Of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) John Lloyd Penionez*, John Miole, Sandarah Rebiche, Gino Ulit, Khimberlie Villanueva, Amara Mayrose Padecio, Mariefel Ladeca, Juliet Silong, Jairus Sam Lim, Baemona Maruhom, Mark Vincent Salva, Zyril Mayakie, Mark Quirequire, Rolando Ramos, Jay Rivas, Mark Kevin Sombrio, and Jaynos R. Cortes Department of Fisheries Science, College of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, North Eastern Mindanao State University- Lianga Campus, Lianga, Surigao del Sur, Philippines Abstract Keywords: dose-response optimization- feed utilization- growth performance- morphometrics- Nile tilapia- phytogenic feed additive- Taxiphyllum barbieri Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (John Lloyd Frasco Penionez)

55	Animal Nutrition	ABS-45
NUTRIENT PROFILE AND SILAGE QUALITY OF NAPIER GRASS (Pennisetum purpureum L.) COMBINED WITH SELECTED PROTEIN-RICH TREE FORAGES MSU-Naawan Abstract The preservation of high-moisture forages through lactic acid fermentation is crucial for ruminant feeding in tropical regions, but Napier grass produces poor-quality silage when ensiled alone due to its low crude protein content. This study evaluated the silage quality, sensory characteristics, and nutrient profile of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum L.) combined with selected protein-rich tree forages. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was employed with four treatments: 100% Napier grass, and 60% Napier grass combined with 40% Madre de Cacao (Gliricidia sepium), 40% Ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala), and 40% Madre de Agua (Trichanthera gigantea). The silages underwent a 24-day anaerobic fermentation period before laboratory evaluations. Results indicated that the incorporation of Madre de Agua and Madre de Cacao significantly improved the fermentation profile, yielding well-preserved silages with pH values of 3.69 and 3.80, respectively, compared to the control (pH 5.22) and the Ipil-ipil mixture (pH 5.73). The Madre de Cacao and Madre de Agua treatments also received the highest sensory evaluation scores for smell, appearance, texture, and overall acceptability. While dry matter content showed no significant differences among treatments (ranging from 47.50% to 48.13%), crude protein significantly declined across all treatments post-ensiling. Despite this reduction, the Madre de Cacao mixture retained the highest final crude protein content at 6.51%. Crude fiber also differed significantly among treatments, with the Ipil-ipil mixture recording the highest crude fiber content of 78.57%. Furthermore, the integration of protein-rich tree forages significantly reduced the inorganic ash fraction and proportionally increased the organic matter density, reaching up to 94.51% for the Madre de Agua mixture. Therefore, Madre de Cacao and Madre de Agua are highly effective protein supplements for Napier grass silage, enhancing fermentation quality, sensory palatability, and organic matter retention, whereas the high buffering capacity of Ipil-ipil hindered proper lactic acid preservation. Keywords: Madre de Cacao, Madre de Agua, Ipil-ipil, proximate composition, fermentation Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Trixie Yvanne Encabo Pacudan)

56	Animal Nutrition	ABS-46
Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Broiler Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus L.) Fed Low-Protein Diets Supplemented with Golden Apple Snail (Pomacea canaliculata L.) Meal Mylene Magsalay, Marvin Cominguez, and Richelle A. Niepes Mindanao State University at Naawan Abstract This study evaluated the effects of Golden Apple Snail Meal (GASM) supplementation in low-protein diets on carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chickens. Forty-eight broilers were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments containing 0, 2, 4, and 6 percent GASM and raised for 21 days following a 14-day brooding period. Carcass characteristics included live weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage, meat cut weights and yields, internal organ development, and fat deposition. Meat quality was assessed through pH, water-holding capacity (WHC), and sensory evaluation. Broilers receiving 4 and 6 percent GASM exhibited significantly higher live weights, carcass weights, and dressing percentages than those receiving lower inclusion levels, with p-values of 0.001 or lower. Major meat cut weights also improved significantly at higher inclusion levels, although breast yield decreased while thigh yield increased. Internal organ development and fat deposition were not significantly affected. Meat pH decreased from 6.68 at 45 minutes after slaughter to 5.93 at 24 hours, without significant treatment differences. However, WHC declined from 75.42 percent in the control to 47.75 percent at 6 percent GASM. Sensory evaluation indicated acceptable meat quality across treatments, although higher inclusion levels reduced juiciness and taste ratings. Overall, GASM supplementation improved carcass performance without adversely affecting internal organs or fat deposition, while moderate inclusion levels better preserved desirable meat quality characteristics. Keywords: alternative protein source, carcass yield, golden apple snail, meat quality, water-holding capacity, broiler chickens Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Richelle Niepes)

57	Animal Nutrition	ABS-47
Tannin-Based Protein Bypass Technology Improves Productivity and Carcass Quality of F1 Dorper Sheep Abstract This study evaluated tannin-based protein bypass technology on growth performance, carcass quality, marbling, and economic value of F1 Dorper sheep under intensive fattening. Nine male F1 Dorper sheep aged 4-5 months were assigned to a randomized block design with three treatments and three replications: P0, control- P1, 0.05% tannin- and P2, 0.1% tannin. The trial lasted 97 days, including 7 days of adaptation and 90 days of treatment. Tannin supplementation did not affect feed intake (P>0.05). However, P2 significantly increased daily body weight gain to 207.74 g/head/day and improved feed conversion ratio to 4.55. P2 also produced the highest carcass weight, carcass percentage, and several commercial cut weights. Marbling score increased numerically from 3.00 in P0 to 4.33 in P2, but the difference was not significant. P2 generated the highest productivity-based and carcass-based income over feed cost. These findings indicate that 0.1% tannin supplementation can improve growth efficiency, carcass value, and profitability in F1 Dorper sheep fattening. Keywords: bypass protein- carcass quality- F1 Dorper sheep- income over feed cost- tannin. Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Dewi Daning)

58	Animal Nutrition	ABS-49
From Kernel Detection to Lot Decision: Offline Smartphone Screening of Visibly Mold-Colonized Feed Maize for Poultry Feed Quality Control Mochamad Tono1,2, Yuli Frita Nuningtyas2,*, Muhammad Halim Natsir2, Poppy Satya Puspita2, Eko Widodo2, Yusrina Candra Fajri2, Ota Takahiro3, Angelo Francis Fausto Atole4, and Nazri Nayan5 1Faculty of Computer Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia. 2Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia. 3Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0811, Japan. 4Central Bicol State University of Agriculture, San Jose, Pili, Camarines Sur 4418, Philippines. 5Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Abstract Visibly mold-colonized kernels are a graded defect in Indonesian feed-maize standards, yet poultry producers rarely have access to grading at the point of purchase. We describe AflaVision, an offline Android application running a YOLOv8n detector as a Float16 TensorFlow Lite model, and examine how kernel-level detections should be converted into lot-level decisions. Kernel counts were treated as a screening test of known sensitivity and specificity- lot prevalence was estimated with the Rogan-Gladen correction, and sample sizes and operating-characteristic curves were derived against national limits of 1-4%. At the laboratory operating point (sensitivity 0.86, specificity 0.87), a mold-free lot appears 12.6% mold-colonized: the first application version labels 93% of 20-kernel frames of clean maize as moldy. Correction removes this bias, but estimating a 2% prevalence to +/-1 percentage point requires about 8,700 kernels- the requirement is governed by specificity rather than sensitivity, and falls to about 970 kernels when only the 13-16% of kernels flagged by the application are visually checked. Smartphone detection is best deployed as a corrected, two-stage triage preceding laboratory testing, not as a stand-alone compliance verdict. Keywords: mold detection- poultry feed quality control- Rogan-Gladen correction- YOLOv8 Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Mochamad Tono)

59	Animal Nutrition	ABS-54
Mitigation of NH3 and H2S Emissions from Laying Hen Excreta Using Gambir Leaf Extract (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb). Farid Wahidin, Annisa Adelia Zulfana, Yulya Ulfa Majoli, Ferdi Dwi Maulana Harianto, Hasny Achmady Syafar, Akhis Soleh Ismail. University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Jl. Raya Tlogomas No. 246, Babatan, Tegalgondo, Lowokwaru District, Malang, East Java 65144, Indonesia. Abstract The increasing population of laying hens has a negative impact if the waste produced is not managed properly. Waste in the form of excreta will cause NH3 and H2S gas emissions which can have adverse effects. One of the efforts that can be made to reduce NH3 and H2S levels of laying hen excreta is by using gambir leaf extract. Gambir is high in antibacterial compounds such as catechins which are thought to kill decomposing bacteria that cause NH3 and H2S. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of gambir leaf extract in certain concentrations as a mitigation strategy for NH3 and H2S in laying hen excreta. The design used in this study was a complete randomized design consisting of 4 treatments and 5 replicates. The treatments were G0 negative control, G1 3% gambir leaf extract, G2 6% gambir leaf extract, and G3 9% gambir leaf extract. The variables observed were catechin content, total phenol, pH, number of bacteria, NH3, and H2S. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and if significantly different at P less than 0.05, Duncan further test was conducted. The results showed that treatment G3 had the highest levels of catechins and total phenols and the lowest total bacteria, NH3, and H2S. It can be concluded that gambir leaf extract with a concentration of 9% can be used to mitigate ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in the excreta of laying hens. Keywords: excreta, gambier, catechin, NH3, H2S Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Yulya Ulfa Majoli)

60	Animal Nutrition	ABS-55
The Effect of the Addition Herbal Dregs Flour as a Feed Additive on Production Performance in Broilers Salsabila Amalia Putri(a) and Osfar Sjofjan(b*) (a) Bachelor Program in Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia. E-mail:salsabilaamalia[at]student.ub.ac.id (b) Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia. E-mail: osfar[at]ub.ac.id* Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of herbal dregs flour, a blend of turmeric, ginger, aromatic ginger, andrographis, tinospora, betel leaf, javanese turmeric, tamarind, meniran, and bitter ginger, as a feed additive on broiler production performance. The experiment was conducted from August to September 2026 on a farm in Wagir, Malang. A total of 202 day-old New Lohmann broilers were reared for 35 days in a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replicates, giving 24 experimental units. The treatments were T0(-): basal diet without antibiotic, T0(+): basal diet with 0.1% zinc bacitracin, and T1, T2, T3, and T4, basal diet with 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00% jamu dregs flour, respectively. Feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), production index, income over feed cost (IOFC), and mortality were measured. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Duncan^s multiple range test. Herbal dregs flour did not significantly affect any variable (P>0.05). Numerically, T0(+) showed the best BWG, production index, IOFC, and FCR, while among herbal treatments T2 gave the highest feed intake, BWG, and production index. Herbal dregs flour up to 1.00% did not adversely affect production performance, and the 0.50% level (T2) gave the best numerical results among herbal levels, although it did not match zinc bacitracin. Further studies are needed to confirm its potential as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters. Keywords: antibiotic growth promoters, broiler performance, feed additive, herbal dregs flour, and phytobiotics Share Link | Plain Format | Corresponding Author (Salsabila Amalia Putri)

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