Prevalence of Aflatoxin M1 in Raw Milk Suliman Mohamed Yousof Sadam, Ratmawati Malaka, Sudirman Baco, Jamila Mustabi
Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Abstract
Milk is most a nutrient-dense diet because it is containing nutrients like proteins, fat, sugar, and numerous vitamins and minerals like calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, and magnesium. It contains high percentage of essential amino acids- milk proteins are ideal. Despite the health advantages of milk, and milk products mycotoxins are one group of natural food pollution known to pollute milk and make it harmful for use when ingested. These pollutions have the potential to cause diseases and have negative effects on health. As a result, to acute and chronic poison effects on people and animals, mycotoxins are one of the basic international foodborne hazards to people health. AFM1 are widely distributed, but they are most frequently found in regions with severe temperatures, whether tropical or subtropical, rainfall, and humidity. Dairy and dairy products are particularly vulnerable to polluted by AFM1 and are believed to present some health dangers to consumers safety. As a result, dairy and dairy products has the most clearly showed potential for the human diet to contain aflatoxin residues. There are two types of aflatoxin contamination: acute and chronic. Low dose contact with the contaminant over an extended length of time results in chronic toxicity, which can cause cancer and other irreversible health effects. A rapid onset and toxic response are hallmarks of acute aflatoxin toxicity. Children, particularly infants, may be more vulnerable and sensitive to AFM1 exposure than adults, and their capacity for carcinogen biotransformation is slower compared to grownups. the severity of AFM1 in dairy can be significantly reduced by implementing outsource control strategies like providing livestock with high quality feed. According to our review onsite monitoring of the occurrence of AFM1 throughout the raw milk supply chain, from the udder of cow to factory and to the consumer is warranted. Likewise, the good control condition framework for AFB1 rations defilement is critical to significant in the event of the nation considering the Environmental change situations. There have been a number of investigations of milk^s AFM1 content, but the current focus needs to be on the creation of an effective and sensitive method for determining its presence in dairy and dairy products. The purpose of this review was to assess and review the prevalence of aflatoxin M1 in human-useable raw milk as well as its potential obstacles in the food and rations formulations company in the future.
Keywords: Aflatoxin M1- Food pollution- Food Safety- Raw Milk
