Eco-friendly Pulse Electric Field Assisted Extraction using Extra Virgin Olive Oil as Solvent of Total Carotenoids from Spirulina sp. Joko Tri Rubiyanto, Ulfatu Mahmuda, Annisa Aurora Kartika, Angky Wahyu Putranto
a) Agroindustrial technology, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran no. 1 Malang, Indonesia
b) Agricultural Product Technology, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran no. 1 Malang, Indonesia
c) Agricultural Engineering, Brawijaya University, Jalan Veteran no. 1 Malang, Indonesia
Abstract
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) was an emerging issue worldwide due to the lack of carotenoids consumption; therefore, supplementation is crucial to tackling the issue. This research was carried out to provide an oil-based green extraction technology with a higher yield of total carotenoids. The proposed carotenoids supplement was produced with Pulsed Electric Field (PEF) assisted extraction method from Spirulina sp., as it offered low cost, fast-growing, easily cultivating material, and high carotenoids source. The extraction used extra virgin olive oil as an eco-friendly solvent. Moreover, the PEF assisted extraction was non-thermal extraction that could avoid the carotenoids compound degraded due to its volatile character. The result was compared with olive oil-based maceration extraction without PEF and conventional maceration extraction using 96% hexane as solvent. The PEF-assisted extraction method using olive oil as solvent, ratio 1: 10 (w/v), showed the highest total carotenoid 1802 micrograms per gram extract compared with other methods. The electric field strength used was 4 kV/cm, and the treatment time was 60 seconds.
Keywords: Spirulina sp., green extraction, pulsed electric field, total carotenoids
