GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL FROM MAIZE CULTIVATION AS AFFECTED BY ORGANIC AND BIOCHAR COATED UREA FERTILIZER IN RAINFED LOWLAND AREA CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA Ali Pramono, Terry Ayu Adriany, Helena Lina Susilawati, Mas Teddy Sutriadi
Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Intitute, Jln Raya Jakenan-Jaken Km 5 Pati, Central Java.
Abstract
Biochar is a pirolysis product that used for soil amendments and could be applied as organic fertilizer and biochar coated urea. Biochar increased organic matter stability and mitigate to climate change by carbon sequestration and reduce N2O emission. The aim of this study was to know the effect of biochar coated urea fertilizer on global warming potential (GWP) and the economic feasibility on maize cultivation in rainfed lowland area. The study was conducted at Indonesian Agricultural Environment Research Institute (IAERI) in Pati, Central Java during July to October 2017. Six treatments were used as follow, 1) FYM Phonska Urea prill, 2) FYM Phonska Biochar coated urea, 3) Biocompost Phonska Urea prill, 4) Biocompost Phonska Biochar coated urea, 5) Sludge Phonska Urea prill, and 6) Sludge Phonska Biochar coated urea. All of treatments were given 3 ton/ha of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer at the same rate. Gas sampling was done by closed chamber method. The results showed that biochar coated urea application combined organic fertilizer could reduce GWP (CO2e) by 12.4% compared to urea prill application. The highest GWP was determined the application of Sludge Phonska Urea prill by 8.9 ton CO2e per ha. The highest of maize grain yield was Biocompost Phonska Biochar coated urea application by 7.29 ton per ha. Biochar application in agricultural ecosystems is a potential solution to mitigate climate change and supporting to food security.
Keywords: Biochar, CO2 and N2O emission, global warming potential, maize
