Innovation of Modified Graphite as an Advanced Adsorbent in Wastewater Management: A Comprehensive Review of Synthesis Methods and Its Applications Friska Amelia Putri Agustina
Sebelas Maret University
Abstract
As one of the countries with a high population density, Indonesia faces various environmental problems, including water pollution which has reached 51.78% by 2024. Water pollution is becoming a global problem that requires efficient and sustainable solutions. Adsorption technology appears has been widely developed in wastewater treatment, including the manufacture of carbon-based adsorbent materials. Graphite is one of the carbon materials that has great potential as an adsorbent, as it has chemical stability, surface area, and the ability to be modified. However, the surface area of graphite is still smaller than graphene, so modifications are needed to improve its properties and improve its performance. The synthesis of graphite as an adsorbent material has been widely developed by various methods, namely, the Hummers method, exfoliation, solvothermal, functionalized, and chemically expanded graphite. This review discusses modified graphite techniques and their potential for wastewater treatment. In summary, modified graphite has a lot of potential in the field of wastewater management.
Keywords: Adsorbent, Graphite, Methods, Pollution, Water management
