The Role of the Indonesian Government in Guaranteeing the Rights of Indonesian Migrant Workers in the Korean Coastal Sector: An Analysis of Bilateral Cooperation and Diplomacy wafda vivid izziyana,
Universitas semarang
Abstract
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the role of the Indonesian government in guaranteeing the rights of Indonesian migrant workers employed in the South Korean coastal sector through bilateral cooperation mechanisms and labor diplomacy. The background to this study stems from the high number of violations of the rights of Indonesian migrant workers in the South Korean fishing industry, including excessive working hours, high safety risks, limited access to legal assistance, and weak supervision in maritime work areas. These conditions call for an evaluation of the effectiveness of national regulations and the implementation of bilateral instruments that have been the basis for the placement of Indonesian migrant workers. The study uses a normative legal method with a legislative, conceptual, and international agreement approach. Data sources include national laws, implementing regulations, bilateral agreements between Indonesia and South Korea, international legal instruments, as well as academic literature and reports from relevant institutions. The analysis was conducted through legal interpretation and a study of the coherence of PMI protection policies. The results of the study show that Indonesia has a strong legal basis for protecting PMI, but its effectiveness in the South Korean coastal sector still faces various obstacles, particularly the limited coverage of the Employment Permit System, weak contract transparency, and minimal accountability of recruitment agencies. The role of Indonesian diplomacy, including the Indonesian Embassy in Seoul and the Indonesian Consulate General in Busan, has proven to be important in handling PMI cases, but it is still reactive and has not fully addressed the structural problems in the fisheries sector. The study concludes that strengthening proactive diplomacy, establishing a special agreement for the fisheries sector, increasing the capacity of Indonesian representatives, and harmonizing bilateral policies are strategic steps to ensure that the rights of Indonesian migrant workers are fulfilled in a sustainable manner and in accordance with international legal standards.
Keywords: Protection, Indonesian Migrant Workers, Diplomacy.
Topic: Governance, Policy, and Education of Coastal Area
