MODUS OPERANDI AND COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST HUMAN TRAFFICKING: A CRIMINAL POLICY PERSPECTIVE Subaidah Ratna Juita, Wafda Vivid Izziyana, Agung Santoso Pribadi, Aziyzah Qurrotu Ayun Sultonu Masad
Universitas Semarang
Abstract
Human trafficking is a form of organized crime that violates human dignity and poses a serious threat to both national and international security. This study aims to analyze the modus operandi and countermeasures against human trafficking from the perspective of criminal policy in Indonesia. The research employs a normative juridical approach by examining relevant legislation, legal doctrines, and law enforcement practices. The findings indicate that the modus operandi of human trafficking has become increasingly complex, involving transnational networks and utilizing digital technology for recruitment, transportation, and exploitation of victims. Common forms of modus operandi include fictitious labor recruitment, sham marriages, sexual exploitation, and organ trafficking. From the perspective of criminal policy, countermeasures are implemented through three main strategies: (1) penal policy, which emphasizes law enforcement through investigation, prosecution, and sentencing- (2) non-penal policy, which focuses on prevention, victim protection, and raising public awareness- and (3) integrative policy, which promotes cross-sectoral cooperation at both national and international levels. Effective law enforcement against human trafficking requires strengthening regulations, enhancing the capacity of law enforcement officers, and empowering vulnerable communities economically, so that the root causes of human trafficking can be systematically minimized in a sustainable and socially just manner.
Keywords: criminal policy- human trafficking- and modus operandi
Topic: Governance, Policy, and Education of Coastal Area
