(a). Water Resources Development Center, Bandung Institute of Technology, CIBE Building 5th Floor, Jalan Ganesa No. 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia- fauzaniwr[at]gmail.com
(b). Department of Geography, Indonesia University of Education, Jalan Dr. Setiabudhi No. 229, Bandung 40154, West Java, Indonesia- dede_rohmat[at]upi.edu
(c). Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology, FTSL Building, Jalan Ganesa No. 10, Bandung 40132, West Java, Indonesia-
(d). Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bandung 40173, West Jawa, Indonesia- wend003[at]brin.go.id
*Correspondence: faizalrohmat[at]itb.ac.id
Abstract
Global atmospheric circulation plays a role as one of the most important factors affecting water characteristics in the watershed area. Particularly in the Indonesian Maritime Continent (IMC), El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), and Monsoon affects water circulation and availability differently in each watershed. This research analyzes streamflow data that represent water characteristics in Tondano, Kapuas, and Jangka watershed that variate to global atmospheric phenomena from 2000 to 2022. This variation is defined by a correlation analysis associated with each watershed location, geomorphology, population, and activity that affects the watershed. Data shows that Tondano and Jangka Watershed streamflow has the most correlation value with ENSO phenomena, whereas the Kapuas Watershed streamflow correlated mostly with Monsoon Phenomena. Moreover, IOD phenomena show a significant correlation with the Tondano watershed streamflow, and MJO phenomena correlated significantly with the Kapuas and Jangka watershed streamflow. Geographically, the location of each watershed might be the significant factor for the defined correlation value, which is further supported by other characteristics such as area size, land use, and the general pattern of water use in each watershed. This fact can be used as a valuable overview for water management and adaptation to global climate change.
Keywords: Global Atmospheric Circulation- Watershed- Water Characteristic- Streamflow- Correlation Analysis-
