Characterizing Coastline and Sediment Interaction in The North Coast of Java using Satellite Images Efrat N. Nainggolan and Asep Saepuloh
Geological Engineering, Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology, ITB, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, Bandung,
West Java 40132, Indonesia
Abstract
Sediments are the main material for forming morphology in coastal areas. Sediment originated from rock fragmentation due to weathering which can take place physically, chemically, or biologically. Changes in the morphology of coastal areas can be occurred through erosion, transportation, and deposition mechanisms. Sedimentation in the coastal environment originates from the presence of sediments originating from the mainland and is basically the main factor in forming the beach. The large amount of sedimentation process caused rapid changes in the coastline presented by capes form in the coastal area. Characterizing the coastline and sediment interaction is necessary to understand the physical condition of the coast including the ongoing processes for further purposes such as hazard mitigation and coping capacity of the land for infrastructure. The Cirebon Coast is selected as study area due to rapid city development and infrastucture. To characterize coastline and sediment interaction, we used temporal hydrological index derived by Landsat images such as nomalized different water index (NDWI), modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI), water ratio index (WRI) and normalized difference moisture index (NDMI). We also used vegetation index such as normalized different vegetation index (NDVI), soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) and modified soil adjusted vegetation index (MSAVI). Accordingly, we characterized succescfully the Cirebon coastline into six categories: abrasion, accretion, sedimentation to erosion, erosion to sedimentation, sedimentation to stable, and erosion to stable. The sediments of Cirebon coastline are characterized by muddy beaches, fine-sized sediment material, and sandy beaches with medium to coarse sediment material.
Keywords: Cirebon, coastline, sediment, hydrological index, vegetation index, Landsat
