Indication of Climate Change from Raindrop Size and Its Potential for Erosion Lilik S. Supriatin, Fadli Naufal, Atep Radiana, Fahmi Rahmatia, Lambang Nurdiansyah, Edi Maryadi, dan Sinta B. Sipayung
Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional (BRIN)
Abstract
Research has been carried out regarding the size of raindrop diameter in Pontianak city using a disdrometer instrument. The purpose of this study was to determine the dynamics of raindrop size and its impact on soil erosion. The results show that for 2 years (2018-2019), the diameter of raindrops ranges from 4 - 12 mm. When compared with the reference in 1949, the diameter of raindrops ranged from 0.3 - 5 mm. This shows that there has been a change in the size of raindrop diameters for approximately 69 years (1949 - 2018). If the period for one climate change is 30 years, then the period 1949-2018 can be said to have experienced two periods of climate change. Differences in the diameter of raindrops from 1949 to 2018 can show as an indication of climate change. One of the parameter indicators of climate change is the rainfall parameter. Rainfall parameters include rain height (rain depth), rain duration, rain intensity, and based on the results of this study the latest is the size of raindrop diameter. This change in the size of the raindrops causes the potential for hydrometeorological disasters (floods and landslides) to get worse, both in quantity (the number of areas affected by the disaster) and in quality (the impact of the disaster is getting worse). This is because the larger the size of the raindrops, the higher the intensity of rain (floods, landslides, and moving ground) and the greater the speed of falling raindrops (landslide and moving ground). Raindrops measuring 12 mm will have a rain intensity of 322.36 mm/hour and a falling speed of 24.2 m/s compared to 5 mm raindrops which only have a rain intensity of 134 mm/hour and a raindrop falling speed of 10 .08m/s.
