Competitiveness of Indonesian Maize Product Toward Export Market Orientation Amiruddin Amiruddin (a), Muhammad Rifqi Tirta Mudhofir (b*), I Gusti Ayu Putu Mahendri (c)
(a)Agribusiness Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram
Jl. Majapahit No.62, Selaparang, Mataram, Indonesia, amiruddin_12sept[at]yahoo.co.id
(b)Research Center for Behavioral and Circular Economics, Research Organization for Governance, Economy and Community Welfare, National Research and Innovation Agency
Jl. Gatot Subroto No 10, Mampang Prapatan, Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia
*muha285[at]brin.go.id
(c)Research Centre for Macroeconomic and Finance, Research Organization for Governance, Economy and Community Welfare, National Research and Innovation Agency
Jl. Gatot Subroto No 10, Mampang Prapatan, Jakarta Selatan, Indonesia,
igapmahendri[at]yahoo.com
Abstract
Maize plays an important role as a staple food for the community, as well as being used as a raw material for animal feed and various industries. Even though the productivity of maize has increased recently, inline with an increase planted maize area particularly in central production areas in Indonesia, total export of maize shows a different story. This study aims to analyse the competitiveness of Indonesian maize in the global market and develop strategies to improve the competitiveness of maize. A desk research study was conducted to obtain information on the dynamic of maize export performance using data from the trade statistics for international business development (www.trademap.org) for 2002-2021. Competitiveness indicator was identified according to the Revealed Competitiveness Advantage (RCA) value of Indonesia^s position against the five largest export destination countries for Indonesian maize. The result of the analysis shows that the volume of maize exports experienced a positive trend during the 2002-2021 period (Y=1688.3x+40140) but tended to decrease in the last period. Meanwhile, the world^s total maize exports were in a positive trend similar to Indonesia^s total exports, which has resulted in a decrease of the RCA value of maize. The primary market of maize exports was the Philippine which is also shown with an average RCA value of >1 for 1 decade, followed by other potential export destination countries namely Singapore and Thailand, which have shown an increase in RCA values in the last 5 years. Therefore, strategies to increase the competitiveness of Indonesian maize products, include: (1) ensuring production sustainability (through land rehabilitation, use of technology and infrastructure)- (2) strategies to respond to global market trade (by increasing access to market information and improving value chains)- and (3) strategies to respond to regulation (by increasing cooperation among stakeholders and creating a conducive business climate.
