Recent Advances And Emerging Applications Of Graphene Oxide And Reduced Graphene Oxide : From Environmetal Remediation To Energy Devices
Ikbal Adrian, Bijak R Ahadito, Nurlisa Hidayati, Muhammad Said

Departemen of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas of Sriwijaya

Abstract

Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) have garnered considerable attention as multifunctional materials with promising potential for adsorption and energy storage applications. This review article systematically summarizes and analyzes research developments reported between 2015 and 2025, emphasizing the interrelationship among synthesis strategies, structural characteristics, and functional performance. Based on the evaluation of indexed publications, the review highlights significant advancements in the application of GO and rGO across environmental and energy systems. The discussion focuses on the key mechanisms governing pollutant adsorption, ion transport, and charge storage in GO/rGO-based systems. Comparative assessments reveal that moderate reduction, heteroatom doping, and hierarchical architecture design can enhance adsorption capacity and improve long-term electrochemical stability. Furthermore, the review identifies major challenges such as production scalability, environmental safety, and synthesis reproducibility, while providing forward-looking insights into sustainable pathways for material optimization. Overall, this work offers a comprehensive overview of recent progress, design principles, and future research directions toward the rational design of GO/rGO-based materials for next-generation environmental and energy technologies.

Keywords: Graphene oxide- Reduced graphene oxide- Adsorption- Energy storage- Catalysis- Sensors- Supercapacitors

Topic: Chemistry and Applied Chemistry