Analysis of Instrument Validation Results Using CVI and FDM in Assessing the E-Module NanoPintar at Cell Biology Diana Susanti1,2 a) and Shakinaz Desa1, b)
1Pendidikan Biologi, Fakulti Sains dan Matematika, Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris (UPSI), Malaysia.
2Pendidikan Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas PGRI Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
Abstract
This study analyzes the results of instrument validation using the Content Validity Index (CVI) and the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) to assess the NanoPintar e-module in Cell Biology. The aim is to compare the validity of both methods and guide the selection of the most suitable approach for instrument validation. The CVI analysis shows unanimous agreement among three experts, with an I-CVI and S-CVI score indicating perfect consensus, where the S-CVI (AVE) reached 1.0. This suggests that all items in the instrument are highly relevant and valid, making CVI ideal for situations where expert consensus is easily achieved and a simple quantitative measure of validity is desired. In contrast, FDM applies fuzzy ratings to each item, handling uncertainty in expert opinions. Fuzzy scores are defuzzified to calculate an overall consensus score, indicating that all items were accepted by the expert panel, with their priority ranked accordingly. FDM is more flexible, especially for complex or subjective constructs. Both methods confirm the validity of the NanoPintar e-module, with the choice between CVI and FDM depending on the instrument^s complexity and the need for flexibility in expert opinions.
