Identification of Buffer Zone Based on Analysis of The Consequences Gas Release, Fire and Explosion as Hazard Mitigation in H2S Removal Unit
Restu Ramadhani Pratama Putra (a*), Budi Sulistiyo Nugroho (a*), Zami Furqon (a), Aprilia Indah Mandaka (a), Genoveva Lestari Kulaleen (a), Adhi Kurniawan (b)

a) Oil and Gas Processing Engineering, Polytechnic of Energy and Mineral Akamigas, Jl. Gajah Mada No. 38, Cepu, Blora, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia 58315
*resturamadhani2002[at]gmail.com *nbudi.nugroho[at]gmail.com
b) Upstream Oil and Gas Subsidiary X, Maspion Industrial Estate Unit C, Jl. Beta Maspion, Manyarsidomukti, Manyar Sido Mukti, Manyar, Gresik, Jawa Timur, Indonesia 61151

Abstract

The oil and gas industry has high risks, especially related to process accidents such as gas releases, fires and explosions. The consequences of these accidents can include death, injury, environmental damage, property damage, loss of company reputation, and financial loss. The H2S removal unit is one that has a high potential for process accidents. Therefore, prevention and mitigation measures, such as the implementation of buffer zones, are needed to improve safety. The purpose of this study is to identify buffer zones based on the consequence analysis of gas release, fire and explosion in the H2S removal unit and establish areas that are considered safe from the hazards of gas release, fire and explosion. This research uses the buffer zone identification method by reviewing the risks in the H2S removal unit, identifying the most likely and fatal accident scenarios, and analyzing the consequences of gas release, fire and explosion using Shell FRED software. The variables of this study include independent variables in the form of actual operating conditions and feed composition data on the H2S removal unit and meteorological data. The dependent variable is the radius or range of the buffer zone. This analysis resulted in the identification of four hazard zones based on consequences: red zone for gas release (H2S dispersion), orange zone for explosion (vapor cloud explosion), yellow zone for flash fire, and green zone for jet fire. The buffer zone for gas release (H2S dispersion) is above 17.1 m, for explosion (vapor cloud explosion) above 17.8 m, for flash fire above 40.84 m, and for jet fire above 60.79 m. The establishment of this buffer zone is expected to be a hazard mitigation when there is a gas release, fire, and explosion in the H2S removal unit.

Keywords: Buffer Zone, Consequence Analysis, Explosion, Fire, Gas Release

Topic: Healthy, Safety, Environmental (HSE), and Hazard Mitigation