Use of Garlic Vine, Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) Leaf Extract as Potential Antibacterial to Control Pathogenic Bacteria in White Leg Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei Arief Taslihan*, Endah Sutanti*, Suryati*, Zaenal Arifin*, Ahmad Fairus Mai Soni*, Sugeng Joko Purnomo*
National Research and Innovation Agency
Abstract
The application of drugs in aquaculture has received serious attention from the WHO organization because it is feared that improper use will pollute the environment and cause bacterial resistance to antibiotics (AMR). It is necessary to do an alternative treatment using antimicrobial agents that are environmentally friendly and do not cause bacterial resistance. In this study, an effort looking for organic antimicrobials was from Garlic vine purple leaves. Garlic vine purple is known to have a bioactive substance such as aniline and other ingredients that function as antibacterial and fungal. The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of garlic vine purple leaf extract to kill pathogenic bacteria (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration, MBC) in shrimp. Extraction is done by harvesting garlic vine leaves, thinly sliced , then dried. Finely ground and tested for Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Testing the effectiveness of the garlic vine leaf extract was carried out by treating shrimp with feed containing 2,5% and 5% garlic vine leaf extract. It can be concluded that garlic vine leaf extract has a MIC of 12.5% against Vibrio harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus originated from shrimp with White feces syndrome and Acute hepatopancreatic and necrosis disease. Further test, feed containing 5% extract of garlic vine leaf inhibited the growth of V. parahaemolyticus bacteria. The treatment of the purple garlic vine extract did not have a negative impact on shrimp survival in the 5% treatment and even gave better growth in length and biomass compared to no treatment with the purple garlic vine extract. Suggestions, further testing of the extract preparation system is needed, using nanotechnology. Treatment studies need to be carried out on a mass scale for the treatment of shrimp with WFS and AHPND at the shrimp farming scale.
