Innate Immunity Activation of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Against Vibriosis Disease Based On Protein Adoption of Sago Caterpillar Marlina Achmad1,2*, Andi Aliah Hidayani1, Sriwulan Sriwulan1, Adnan Teddy Syach2, Andi Muh. Fajrin R.F.2, Dewi Dian Anggraini2, Dedy Muhammad Iqbal2, Muhammad Fariz Zahir Ali3
1 Fisheries Department, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University. Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245,Indonesia
2 Vocational Faculty, Hasanuddin University. Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM. 10, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245,Indonesia
3 Bachelor of Aquaculture Programme, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Hasanuddin University, South Sulawesi, 90245,Indonesia
3 Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7, Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8566, Japan
Abstract
Vibrio sp. is a widely distributed bacteria species responsible for vibriosis and a high mortality rate in fish. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent bacterial infection by enhancing the fish innate immune system response through the dietary inclusion of immunostimulants. One of the alternative immunostimulants from animal extracts is sago caterpillar meal (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus). This study analyzes the effects of dietary sago caterpillar meal on growth performance and innate immune response of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) after being infected with Vibrio harveyi. It was carried out using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 3 repetitions. Tilapia were fed diets containing sago caterpillar at a concentration of 0% (control), 10%, 20%, and 30%, respectively, for 30 days. Furthermore, a challenge test was conducted, followed by an immune response analysis by counting the total leukocytes and bacteria concentration found in fish gills. Growth performance analysis was also carried out by calculating daily weight and length gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and fish survival. The results indicated the dietary inclusion of sago caterpillar meal affects total leukocyte count, over gill concentration, daily weight growth, specific growth rate, and survival. However, it did not affect daily length growth and feed conversion ratio in tilapia. The final conclusion is then obtained that dietary sago caterpillar meal at a concentration of 20% has the ability to increase the immune system against bacterial attack and induce the highest growth performance in tilapia.
