Revealing Lithium Prospects in Geothermal Hot Springs on Bangka Island-Indonesia Using The ICP-OES Method Asep Rohiman1,2- Kurnia2- Dida Yurnaldi2- Ronaldo Irzon2- Henry Setiyanto1-Robeth Viktoria Manurung3-and Muhammad Bachri Amran1
1 Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha, 10, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
2 Center of Geological Survey, Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources
Jl. Diponegoro No.57, Ged. AF. Lasut VII, Bandung 40144, Indonesia.
3 Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Republic of Indonesia, Kawasan Puspiptek Building 820,
Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia.
Abstract
The growth of lithium utilization in the portable electronic device industry, electric vehicles, medical demands, and defense sectors is likely to continue. As a result, in order to fulfill market demand, the availability of lithium deposits must be enhanced. As a result, it is critical to research the sources of lithium deposits in Indonesia. Indonesia is an archipelagic country situated at the meeting point of four global plates: the Eurasian, Indo-Australian, Pacific, and Philippine plates. This is a one-of-a-kind and extremely unusual occurrence across the globe. The collision of these plates led to the production of geological resources such as oil and gas basins, mineral resources, geothermal potential, groundwater potential, and so on. Furthermore, Indonesia is one of the nations crossed by the ring of fire, with several hot springs and lithium-containing brine. However, research on the potential of lithium in Indonesia is still restricted. As a result, this study conducted investigations and analyses on the probable sources of lithium in hot springs near the Bangka archipelago, namely Nyelanding, Permis, and Kretak hot springs. The samples from the hot springs were examined using ICP-OES. Volumetric and gravimetric techniques were used for anion analysis. Based on data analysis, Permis hot springs have the highest lithium content, with a concentration range of around 2 ppm to 3 ppm. The plotting of the composition of the Cl-SO4-HCO3 anions from Permis hot water samples reveals that the hot springs are of the mature water type with abundant chloride conditions. This suggests that volcanic activity has a minimal effect on the hot springs. While the Kretak and Nyelanding hot springs are of the peripheral water type, with a dominant HCO3 percentage, this type indicates that the geothermal source is in a remote place and the water moves horizontally. A high HCO3 level implies that the rocks have been leached through or combined with HCO3-rich surface water.
Keywords: energy, geothermal, hot springs, ICP-OES, lithium, potential
