Variability of Sea Wave Height during ENSO Periods in the Makassar Strait Sevti Viqa Haiyqal (a,d*), Aris Ismanto (b,c), Elis Indrayanti (b), Randy Andrianto (d)
(a) Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University
*viqahaiyqal[at]gmail.com
(b) Departement of 0ceanoghraphy, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Diponegoro University
(c) Centre for Coastal Rehabilitation and Disaster Mitigation Studies, Diponegoro University
Jl. Prof. H. Sudarto, SH, Tembalang Semarang, Jawa Tengah 50275 Indonesia
(d) Meteorological, Climatological, dan Geophysical Agency
Jl. Angkasa I, No. 2 Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat 10610, Indonesia
Abstract
Sea surface temperature anomalies in the tropical Pacific Ocean affect climate variability which causes changes in atmospheric dynamics and oceanography. One of the physical parameters of oceanography that is affected is wind and waves. Waves generated by the wind (wind waves) have a significant influence on various human activities in the sea such as transportation, offshore drilling, tourism, fishing, development of coastal infrastructure and utilization of energy resources. The Makassar Strait is a strategic water that includes all of these activities. In the context of efficiency and safety, it is necessary to have accurate wave height information covering various conditions. This study aims to determine the variability of wave height which is influenced by climate variability in the form of ENSO in the Makassar Strait. Therefore, the pattern of wave height can be known in the Normal, El Nino, and La Nina phases by using wind and wave data for the 2013-2022 period from Hindcasts-OFS BMKG. As a result, validation of the BMKG-OFS wave data against observation data using a wave recorder showed an RMSE value of 0.27 - 0.36. The ENSO phenomenon (El Nino/La Nina) greatly influences the increase in sea wave height from normal during the Asian Monsoon period (December, January, February) and during the Australian monsoon period (June, July, August). The increase in wave height during the El Nino phenomenon occurs during the Australian monsoon period (JJA) while during the La Nina phenomenon the increase in wave height occurs during the Asian Monsoon period (DJF). The La Nina phenomenon greatly influences wave height in the southern part of the Makassar Strait during both the Asian and Australian monsoons.
