The effects propolis and royal jelly on the VEGF expression in the healing of traumatic ulcers of the diabetes mellitus (in vivo)
Miftakhul Cahyati1, Dewi Masyitho2*. Agus Susilo3, Agustine Hanafi Putri1, Viranda Susanti1, Salsa Al Fitri Nur Milenia4

1Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, East Java, Indonesia
2Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Islam Malang, Malang 65144, East Java, Indonesia
3Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, 65145, East Java, Indonesia
4Faculty of Dentistry of Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, East Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) can be defined as a chronic metabolic disorder due to insufficiency of insulin function and developing vascular complications. The most common lesion in the oral cavity is an ulcer, which is a loss of the epithelial lining of the oral mucosa so that it exceeds the basal membrane and reaches the lamina propria. Propolis is a natural substance that exhibits antimicrobial, anticancer, antifungal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties. In addition, royal jelly has various biological activities, such as insulin-like and antioxidant functions, that can reduce microvascular complications (retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy) caused by diabetes mellitus. Objective: To determine the effect of propolis and royal jelly on VEGF expression in wound healing of the oral mucosa in an experimental animal model of diabetes mellitus rats. Methods: A total of 6 white Wistar rats in each group, namely the control group, propolis group, royal jelly group, and mixed group, were given streptozotocin then performed ulcer induction, and provided treatment according to the group by intragastric sondation. The rats were then decapitated using the cervical dislocation technique on their necks on days 3, 5, and 7. Results and Discussion: The results of this study showed an increase in the amount of VEGF expression in the treatment group, although there was no statistically significant difference. This may be caused by the concentration or dosage of the active substances contained in propolis and royal jelly, ulcer induction, and the method of drug administration. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between the administration of propolis and royal jelly on the healing of oral mucosal wounds in experimental animal models of diabetes mellitus rats.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus- Propolis- Royal Jelly- Traumatic Ulcer- VEGF

Topic: Halal and Functional Food