The origin of local goat from eastern part of Indonesia (Kacang and Lakor goats)
Muhammad Ihsan Andi Dagong1, Sri Rachma Aprilita Bugiwati, Lellah Rahim, Fika Yuliza Purba2, Procula Rudlof Matitaputty3, Sutikno4 and Hideyuki Mannen5

1. Animal Science Faculty of Hasanuddin University
2. Veterinary Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University
3. Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Bogor, Indonesia
4. Research Centre fo Applied Zoology, Research Organization for life Science and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Bogor Indonesia
5. Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan

Abstract

Goats were one of the oldest domesticated ruminants and are thought to have been domesticated in the mountains of West Asia between 7000 and 10,000 BC. Traders from South Asia and European traders introduced domestic goats to Indonesia around 15 - 17 centuries. This research aims to identify the origin and propagation route of local goats from South Sulawesi and the Eastern Part of Indonesia. The molecular genetic approach used in this research was Complete Mitochondrial genome sequencing. The mtDNA sequencing was performed by using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT). GridION sequencing was operated by MinKNOW software. Base calling was performed using Guppy with highly accurate mode. The quality of reads was visualized using NanoPlot. All reads were mapped to the mitochondrial reference sequence (NC_026460.1) using minimap2. The quality of the mapped reads was evaluated with Nanoplot. The assembly was performed using Flye. The assembled sequence was polished four times with Racon and polished three times with Medaka. The quality of the assembled sequence was determined using Quast. Annotation and Visualization were conducted using MitoZ. The length of the whole mtDNA seq of the Kacang goat was 16.642, Kosta: 16.641, Lakor: 16.401 and Kejobong was 16.631 bp. All these findings suggest that local goats were introduced to South Sulawesi through 2 genetic lineages Indochina and European/African goats.

Keywords: Local goat, mtDNA, haplotype, diversity, origin

Topic: Animal Genetics, Breeding and Livestock Production