Exploration of VMA (Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae) Chilli Plants in Various Field Types in Indonesia: case study in Kolaka Regency, and their Relationship with Fusarium oxysporum Wilt Disease Ariestyandhini Ekaputri, Nur Amin, Baharuddin Patandjengi
Departement Pest and Plant Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245 , Indonesia.
Abstract
The symbiotic relationship between mycorrhizal fungi and plant roots provides benefits to the host plant. Fusarium oxysporum is a fungus that often attacks chili plants and losses due to this disease can reach 50%. Farmers^ habits in controlling are still using chemical pesticides which have a negative impact on the environment. This was conducted to determine the presence and number of Mycorrhizal spore morphology around the roots of chili plants in three types of field in Kolaka Regency and its relation to Fusarium wilt.. This research was conducted by sampling plants from several chili fields in Kolaka Regency, and the samples will be identified at the Plant Disease Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University, Makassar. The parameters observed were the percentage of infection, the number of spores in the soil, and the incidence of fusarium wilt in chili. The results showed that mycorrhizae were proven to infect chili roots and the number of spores in various chili plants in three different fields. This proves that there is an association between mycorrhizae and chili roots, the presence of spores in the soil and the type of spores, namely Glomus sp. and Gigaspora sp. The interaction between mycorrhizae and Fusarium oxysporum disease in chili plants, namely suppressing the acceleration rate of Fusarium oxysporum disease is said to occur but is considered low. Different types of field have a significant effect on the characteristics of mycorrhizae and growth of chili plants, especially those that are attacked by Fusarium oxysporum. The type of field with the least number of spores was found in Sani-Sani Village, Samaturu District, Kolaka Regency.
Keywords: Mycorrhiza, Soil Type Chili, Kolaka, Fusarium oxysporum.
