Grafting Technology Supports Increased Productivity Nutmeg in Indonesia Suryadi R., Trisilawati O., and Darwati I
National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)
Abstract
Abstract. Plant material determination is a critical factor in developing an agricultural commodity. If you choose the wrong plant material, especially for annual plants, you will suffer losses such as low productivity. Fixing it will take quite a long time and a relatively high cost. The productivity of Indonesian nutmeg in 2019 was 548 kg/ha, which is considered low compared to other nutmeg-producing countries. One of the reasons is that nutmeg plants are still developed using plant material derived from seeds, causing nutmeg plant flowers on both sides (dioecious) to be classified as male, female, or hermaphrodite. Because the sexes cannot distinguish at the seed stage, nutmeg plantations generally have many male plants (40 percent) that do not bear fruit, while only 5 percent are required to pollinate female flowering plants. The problem of propagation through seed can be solved by grafting. Grafting nutmeg plants has been studied with a high success rate (>80%). Therefore, the sex can be determined at the seed stage based on scion taken from male or female trees. When 95 percent of female and 5% of male plants are planted in the field, the number of plants bearing fruit can be calculated. Fruit is more significant, and productivity is up.
