Evaluation the durable resistance of soybean varieties toward leaf rust caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Fitya Anggraeni.R (a), A. Dinda Namirah Sarilla (a), Baharuddin patendjengi (a*), Hamdayanty Hamdayanty (a)
a) Plant pest and Disease Departemet, Agriculture Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, South Sulawesi, Indonesia
*baharunhas[at]yahoo.com
Abstract
The main disease of soybean plants is leaf rust caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi which can cause a decrease in the yield of up to 60% and has the potential to reduce seed quality. The use of resistant varieties is the main component of rust disease control. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of resistance of several soybean varieties to rust disease caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi and its effect on the production of each variety. This study used a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatment varieties and 3 replications which were analyzed using variance (ANOVA). To evaluate the resistance reaction of soybean varieties to rust disease, the IWGSR system was used, as the intensity level of the disease and its effect on the production of each tested soybean variety. The results showed that the Detap 1 variety counted the lowest disease intensity of 22.84% with a susceptible disease reaction and had high productivity, followed by the Agromulyo, Anjasmoro, and Devon 1 varieties which categorised a mildly susceptible disease reaction with a disease intensity of 25.34%, 27.46% and 28.70% respectively. The Derap 1 and Edamame varieties had a high disease intensity of 35.18% and 29.31% with susceptible disease reactions. The production of the highest number of pods was the Agromulyo variety. The highest production of seed weight per plant and 100 seed weight was in Detap 1 varieties.
