Genetic Advantages of Highland Local Rice in South Sumatra Yustisia (1), Atekan (2), Siti Khodijah (1), Reny Tri Anggraini (1), Joni Karman (3), Fuadi Irsan (3), Yeni Eliza Maryana (3), Yayan Suryana (3), Yuana Juwita (3), Izhar Khairullah (1), R. Bambang Heryanto (1), and Damasus Riyanto (1)
(1) National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia
(2) East Java Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, Malang, Indonesia
(3) South Sumatra Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology, Palembang, Indonesia
Abstract
Adaptive to environmental stress, low efficient input and high grain micronutrients (Zn, Fe) are the advantages of local rice. Efforts to conserve will increase the existence of local rice in supporting the implementation of sustainable agriculture. Identification of superior gene characters is one of the efforts to anticipate extinction of local rice genetic resources. Identified superior genes from local varieties can be used as gene donors in the creation of agroecosystem-specific new superior varieties (NSV). This paper discusses the genetic superiority of local highland rice in South Sumatra, and the opportunities for its use as gene donors in creation of highland-specific NSV. Quantitative characters identified as important genes of Selebur Rimbe, Beram, Putih and Jambat Teras are panicle length and 1000 grain weight. Panicle length (>35 cm) is an important gene in four local rices except Beram. Selebur Rimbe also has a weight of 1000 grains close to 30 g (28.95 g). The [Zinc] character of local rice bran significantly determines [Zn] polished rice (r = 0.701*). While determining character [Fe] of brown rice is empty grain (r = - 0.707*). Information on the advantages of this rice genetics can be utilized through implementation of crosses with various superior varieties of rice. The expected output from this effort is a superior rice variety that has characteristics including high yield, high [Zn] broken rice, low [Fe] husk, as well as adaptive and stable at various altitudes.
Keywords: local rice, highland, agronomic characters, grain Zn, grain Fe
