The growth of the garlic of Lumbu Hijau variety in three different microclimatic conditions Ika Cartika (a*), Sardin (b), Rinda Kirana (a), Ahsol Hasyim (a), Irman Idris (c), Gilang Mardian Kartiwa (c), Muhammad Arbi Minanda (c), Cedric Samuel (c), Muhammad Adli Rizqulloh (d), and Wirenda Sekar Ayu (e)
a) Research Center for Horticultural and Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jalan Raya Bogor Km. 46 Cibinong, Jawa Barat, 16911, Indonesia
*ikacartika1010[at]gmail.com
b) Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Jl. Tangkuban Parahu 517 Bandung Barat, Indonesia
c) School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
d) Faculty of Technology and Vocational Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
e) Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering. Politeknik Negeri Bandung, Indonesia
Abstract
More than 90% of the need for garlic consumption in Indonesia are supported from import. Garlic is a plant that is able to optimally grow and develop in subtropical regions. One of the efforts to minimize the dependence on the import of garlic is through by microclimate manipulation in accordance to the subtropical conditions in the growth chamber. This study aims to examine the growth of the early vegetative phase in three different microclimatic conditions. It was conducted at IP2TP Margahayu, the Ministry of Agriculture in West Bandung Regency from October to November 2022. The experimental design used a Randomized Block Design with four repetitions. The treatments referred to three microclimatic conditions, i.e. (1) Smart Growth Chamber (SGC) in a tray with solar spectrum LED irradiation conditions with a constant intensity of 10.000 lux, exposure within 14 hours, and within 10 hours in the dark, controlled temperature of 22-25 C and controlled humidity of 60-70%, (2) open field in trays, and uncontrolled microclimate (control 1), and (3) open field in mulched plots- and uncontrolled microclimate (control 2). The plant growth parameters observed were the growth rate and plant height. Data analysis used the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey significant difference test using the PKBT-Stat program. The results of the study showed the initial success in manipulating microclimatic conditions through planting in SGC. The average growth speed of garlic in SGC (1.9 cm/day) was found faster than planting in trays in an open field (1.3 cm/day) and planting in mulched plots in open field (1.4 cm/day). Meanwhile, the height of SGC plant at one month after planting (44.2 cm) was higher than planting in trays in open field (28.1 cm) and planting in mulched plots in open field (29.8 cm). Further research will be carried out to study the development of garlic plants in SGC to the size of the tubers produced.
