A Meta-Analysis of Substrate Protein on the Nutrient, Macro Mineral, and Amino Acid Profiles of Maggots (Hermetia illucens)
Ki Ageng Sarwono(1,3), Rakhmad Perkasa Harahap(2,3), Pamungkas Rizki Ferdian(1), Avry Pribadi(1), Eyet Mulyati(1), Herman Sari(1), Heru Ponco Wardono(4,5), Lincah Andadari(1), Retno Agustarini(1), Rusli Fidiyanto(1,6), Septiantina Dyah Riendriasari(1), Tri Hadi Handayani(1), Yetti Heryati(1), Novia Qomariyah(2,4), and Mohammad Miftakhus Sholikin(2,4,*)

(1) Research Center for Applied Zoology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong 16915, Indonesia
(2) Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling Research Group (AFENUE), IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
(3) Study Program of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanjungpura University, Pontianak 78124, Indonesia
(4) Research Group of The Technology for Feed Additive and Supplement, Research Center for Animal Husbandry, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Gunungkidul 55861, Indonesia
(5) Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sleman 55281, Indonesia.
(6) Study Program of Nutrition and Feed Science, Graduate School of IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

*mohammad.miftakhus.sholikin[at]gmail.com

Abstract

The protein content of the substrate affect the nutritional composition of maggots (Hermetia illucens). This study aimed to summarize and confirm a wide range of findings about the effect of the substrate protein on the proximate analysis, chitin, macro minerals, and amino acids of maggots. The data for this meta-analysis was acquired from papers indexed by Scopus throughout the past decade. The selection and compilation of data followed the PRISMA-P. Metadata was composed of 37 columns and 55 rows (total 1,567 raw data). Each piece of data acquired was converted into a standard unit, which was transformed into a percentage of dry matter basis. The substrates protein concentration was used to define the fixed factor, whereas several studies were incorporated as the random factor. The high protein content (for increase in 1 %) of the substrate resulted in a significant (P<0.05) increase in dry matter (0.308 %) and a decrease in the neutral detergent fiber (0.789 %) but did not affect the macro minerals content of the maggots. The predominant characteristics of essential and non-essential amino acids increased significantly (P<0.05) whenever the protein quantities (1 % of dry matter basis) are added to the substrate. This means that the protein content of the substrate made the amino acid profiles of the maggots better.

Keywords: Essential amino acids - Hermetia illucens - Macro mineral - Meta-analysis - Neutral detergent fiber

Topic: Biodiversity, soil health and agricultural practices