Self-Actualization of the Main Characters in the Short Story of Filosofi Kopi by Dewi Lestari and its Implications in Literature Learning at Vocational School 73 Jakarta
Fadhia Irmaida (a*), Ninuk Lustyantie (b), Gusti Yarmi (c)

Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Abstract

This study entitled Self-Actualization of the Main Characters in the short story of Filosofi Kopi by Dewi Lestari and its implications in Literature Learning at Vocational School 73 Jakarta. This study aims to increase students^ knowledge of various extrinsic elements of literary works. In this case, the extrinsic element is the theory of basic needs by Abraham Maslow. Extrinsic elements are important to be analyzed in order to provide more content and benefits contained in literary works. The study was conducted at Vocational School 73 Jakarta, especially Class XI of Culinary Art, Hotel Accommodation, and Travel Agent programs. Each student was required to analyze a short story of Filosofi Kopi by Dewi Lestari. Students were free to choose to analyze either the intrinsic or extrinsic elements. The study was conducted in November 2020.
This study used a qualitative approach. The data source was an anthology of a short story entitled Filosofi Kopi (Collection of Stories and Prose of a Decade) by Dewi Lestari, published by PT. Bentang Pustaka, eleventh edition, January 2015. The data were grouped based on variables and types of respondents. Data tabulation was basedon variables from all respondents and data for each variable were then presented. It was followed
by data calculations to answer the formulated problem anStudents were given a choice in choosing the analysis of intrinsic and extrinsic elements. Based on the results of the analysis in three classes, out of 104 students, 17 students choose to analyze extrinsic elements- 12 students understand extrinsic element analysis and basic needs theory of Abraham Maslow- and 5 students answered incorrectly. This means that the use of Abraham Maslow^s theory of humanistic psychology can be understood by students, but teachers need to pay more attention and provide direction on how to analyze the extrinsic elements of literary works so that the students become more daring to analyze extrinsic elements of literary works.

Keywords: Extrinsic elements, short stories, Abraham Maslow, literary learning.

Topic: Language Education