Cytotoxic Activities and Its Profiling of Partition Extracts from Purple Maman (Cleome rutidosperma DC.) Using 1H NMR Spectroscopy Combined with Cluster Analysis
Budiman Yasir (a*), Muhammad Raihan (b), Subehan (b), Gemini Alam (b), Rosdiana Natzir (c), Abdul Rohman (d)

a) Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
*budimanyasir12[at]gmail.com
b) Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
c) Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
d) Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

Abstract

Metabolomic studies in medicinal plants using NMR analytical instruments are useful for plant fingerprinting and exploration of biological effects in drug discovery investigation. Cleome rutidosperma DC is a herbaceous plant that grows wild and is found many in tropical areas and used as a health treatment. This study analyzed metabolite profiles in hexane extracts, petroleum ether partitioned extracts, methanol partitioned extracts, methanol-water subpartition extracts, and hexane subpartition extracts using 1H NMR combined with cluster analysis and cytotoxic activities against five human cancer cell lines were A549 (lung), KB (cervical), KB-VIN (nasopharyngeal), MD-MB-231 and MCF-7 (Breast). The 1H NMR spectrum identifies the dominant major compounds and represents the signal of saturated fatty acid compounds, omega-3 fatty acids, lipids, beta-glucose, cholesterol, ethyl, and methyl groups of each extract, and the chemical shift 0.52-9.39 ppm appears after magnified as minor compounds. Cluster analysis showed an extract similarity of 95.57% and had a positive correlation coefficient (R2) 0.92, and then hexane extract showed potential as an anticancer cell line with a cell growth inhibition value of 28.1% for MCF-7 cell and >58% for cells A549, KB, KB VIN, and MDA-MB-231 compared to other samples. Spectra 1H NMR confirms the potential of the technique in authenticating each extract with its activity correlation.

Keywords: Cleomaceae, NMR, Fingerprinting, Cluster Analysis, Anticancer Cell Line

Topic: Medicinal plants and natural products