The Correlation Between Modifiable Risk Factors To Hypertension Level In The Middle-Aged and Elderly Martina Pakpahan (a*), Ni Gusti Ayu Eka(b), Maria Veronika Ayu Florensa(c)
a)Lecturer of Faculty of Nursing-Universitas Pelita Harapan, Jalan Boulevard Jenderal Sudirman, Tangerang, Indonesia, *email: martina.pakpahan[at]uph.edu
b)Lecturer of Faculty of Nursing-Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang Indonesia
c)Lecturer of Faculty of Nursing-Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang Indonesia
Abstract
Backgroud : Hypertension is a common health problem in the middle-age and elderly. This is closely related to modifiable risk factors such as physical activity, diet, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC).
Purpose: To determine correlation modifiable risk factors to hypertension level in the middle-age and elderly.
Methods: Used a correlational quantitative methodology with accidental sampling. Respondents of this study were 145 people consisting of 79 middle-age (45-59 years old) and 66 elderly (60-74 years old) in nine Posbindu (Integrated Development Post for Elderly) under a Community Health Centre in Binong, Tangerang, Indonesia. This study passed its ethical clearance. A kappa test was conducted with results was 0.7-0.8. The questionnaire was valid and reliable. Blood pressure was measured two times. Other two factors including smoking behavior and stress will be published in other research publications.
Results: The study found half of the respondents had pre-hypertension in both systole and diastole phases (42.8-53.1%) and most of respondents had
moderate physical activity (94.5%), unhealthy diet (63.4%), pre obesity BMI (39.3%) and abnormal WC (78.6%). Multivariate analysis with linear regression showed the modifiable risk factors that had significant correlation to hypertension level were BMI (p value 0.04, r 0.17) and WC (p value 0.04, r 0.17).
Conclusion: Controlling over BMI and WC is one of the important promotive and preventive effort to manage hypertension. Campaign regarding ideal body weight can further be socialized at community.
Keywords: Body Mass Index (BMI), Diet, Elderly, Hypertension, Physical activity, Waist Circumference (WC)
Topic: Mental Health, Community, Family Health and Gerontological Nursing
