Early Nutritional Detection for CVD Risk in Young Women Dwipajati(a), Annisa Rizky Maulidiana(b)
(a)Nutrition Depatment, Poltekkes Kemenkes Malang, Indonesia, Phone (0341) 551893. Fax (0341) 566075. Email: dwipajati[at]yahoo.co.id (corresponding author)
(b)Nutrition Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia. Phone (0341) 569117. Fax (0341) 564755
Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been the leading cause of death among other non-communicable diseases in Indonesia. Dietary pattern and lifestyle changes are the main factors of CVD risk of the women in the middle age.
Objectives: To investigate the association between nutritional status factors and CVD incident in young women.
Methods: An observational study, cross-sectional design of 160 young women aged 20-22 years who studied in one of the Health University in Malang City, East Java. Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC)) and body fat percentage (BF%) were measured in one-time session. Dietary intake estimation was measured in 12 meal times in a week. All variables were categorized into quartiles based on the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) as CVD risk indicator. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between nutritional status and the CVD risk.
Results: Overall, energy and other macronutrients intake were lower than daily requirements (p<0.001). BMI, WC, and %body fat was significantly different across the WHtR percentiles (p<0.001), with the highest mean value found in the highest percentile (76-100th percentile). Higher BMI (OR:1.81; 95% CI 0.89-3.70; p=0.104) and WC (OR:5.88; 95% CI 3.48-9.93; p<0.001) were associated with higher risk of CVD (76-100th percentile). While %E from fat intake (OR:0.89; 95% CI 0.81-0.99; p=0.03) was associated with medium risk (25-50th percentile).
Conclusion: BMI, WC and %E from fat intake may be the early nutritional detection indicators for CVD risk in young women.
Keywords: BMI; CVD risk; Dietary Intake; Waist Circumference; Young Women
