The skin conductance-based non-invasive pain assessment instrument for infants: A review Arie Kusumaningrum(a*), Yeni Rustina(a), Tomy Abuzairi(b), Nurhadi Ibrahim(c)
a) Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Indonesia, Depok. *ariekusumaningrum[at]yahoo.com, y.rustina[at]ui.ac.id
b) Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok tomy.abuzairi[at]ui.ac.id
c) Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Depok Nurhadi.ibrahim[at]ui.ac.id
Abstract
Background: Ineffective pain management in inpatient infants due to their inability to express pain, lack of knowledge/consistency of staff, and less objective pain measuring tools. The negative impact of pain in infants affects the quality of growth and development stages. A breakthrough new supplementation tools is needed. There have been publications on the measurement of infant pain based on SC in recent year.
Objective: This review aims to provide an overview of the infant pain measurement and SC-based pain measurement method derives from database publications.
Design: A literature review.
Methods: This review identifies articles using keywords and Booleans when searching databases.
Results: Infant pain assessment tools are developed based on self-report dan observational, including behavioral, and physiological indicators. SC-based infant pain measurement is a physiological/autonomous and a psychophysiological indicator. The SC was regarded as the skin^s response in conducting electricity when the skin gets a stimulus caused by the sympathetic nervous system, thereby activating the sweat glands. SC measurements are obtained when the skin is given a constant direct current and a constant voltage from the external side. The NWps and PpS were mostly used for SC analysis. There was a significant correlation between SC-based measurement and other pain^s physiological and behavioral scales.
Conclusions:
This review considers SC as a non-invasive pain assessment instrument. Reports regarding the relationship of SCM to other methods vary. It is necessary to examine more broadly this SC-based infant pain measurement by comparing it with other objective measures.
