Cognitive Impairment among Community Dwelling and Institutionalized Older People and Its Related Factors
Rahmi Setiyani*, Asep Iskandar

Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Abstract

Background: Demographic phenomenon of population aging has brought some consequences, including the higher prevalence of age related diseases such as cognitive impairment. Preventative strategies can be started by identifying the prevalence and managing its risk factors.

Purpose: This study aimed at identifying prevalence of cognitive impairment among community-dwelling and institutionalized older people, and its related factors.

Method: A cross sectional study conducted among 99 community-dwelling and 49 institutionalized older people in Central Java Province in Indonesia in 2019. Cognitive function was measured using Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Data was analyzed using descriptive and bivariate analysis.

Result: Finding shows that the prevalence of cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older people was significantly lower than those living in institution (20.2 % compared to 44.9%, p=0.002). Education and literation factors were significantly correlated to MMSE scores in both groups (p=0.005, p=0.000 and p=0.004, p=0.001 respectively). Age, and marital status were related to MMSE scores only in community-dwelling older people (p=0.003, p=0.007 respectively), while gender was related to that of institutionalized older people (p=0.012).

Conclusion: Institutionalized older people were more likely to suffer from cognitive impairment. Factors related to cognitive function were age, gender, marital status, education, and literation.

Keywords: Cognitive function- community-dwelling- institutional- mild cognitive impairment- older people

Topic: Mental Health, Community, Family Health and Gerontological Nursing