Significance of Epistemology Islam Nusantara to Establish The Insan Kamil Soul
Siti Fatimah, Didin Rosyidin, Rina Kurnia, Rani Ika Wijayanti

IAIN Syekh Nurjati

Abstract

Epistemological issues that escape the attention of intellectuals, namely spiritual epistemology. Spiritual epistemology is a medium for obtaining spiritual knowledge. Western intellectuals in modern times (15-18 AD), especially from the flow of rationalism, empiricism, and positivism, do not believe in spiritual epistemology, because it is seen as unscientific. In the Nusantara the tradition of exploring spiritual knowledge is very fertile. However, all educational institutions have been controlled by Modern Western epistemology. The impact is that all formal and non-formal educational institutions, emphasize training in cognitive and psychomotor intelligence, rather than spiritual intelligence. Meanwhile, human nature is physical reason and spiritual. Perfect humans are intelligent people who experience senses, reason, and spiritual. Inequality in the process of human intelligence makes the way of thinking and human behavior unbalanced so that only concerned with worldly life and forget the afterlife. This study uses a qualitative approach, the primary data source is scholars and spiritualists in the Cirebon region, emphasizing the method of interviews and in-depth observations, as well as the reductive and display analysis methods. To find data validly, the writer uses the theory of intuition epistemology Fritjof Capra and Seyyed Hossein Nasr. The research findings state that Indonesia is a religious country and at the same time a country that develops science strongly. This indicates that the epistemology of ratio, empirical, and spiritual epistemology, flourished in this country. However, in educational institutions the truth of knowledge that is logical and empirical is seen to be more scientific, while the truth of spiritual knowledge is seen to be unscientific. On the other side of society, the writer finds various witnesses about the existence of spiritual knowledge, how to obtain it and also the truth of spiritual knowledge. Spiritual knowledge can be achieved by humans in various ways and rituals that are personal.

Keywords: religion understanding, inclusive Islam, Khilafah, student organization

Topic: Social Science and Humanities